| A | B |
|---|
| Why did people flock from rural settings to the city during the 1800s? | In search of jobs in factories |
| Urbanization | city building and the movement of people to cities |
| Describe the living conditions in England's cities | Workers lived in dark, dirty shelters. Streets were unpaved and without drains. Epidemics were widespread. Average lifespan was 17 years! |
| The average daily hours for a factory worker | 14 hours a day, 6 days a week |
| Middle class | Social class with a growing number of skilled workers, professionals, businesspeople and wealthy farmers |
| Upper middle class | Government employees, doctors, lawyers and managers |
| Luddites | Poor workers who saw their jobs replaced by machines; responded by attacking factories and smashing machines |
| Positive effects of the Industrial Revolution | 1. Contributed to the nation's wealth 2. Fostered technological progress 3. Raised the standard of living 4. Provided hope for improvement of lives |
| Long-term effects of the Industrial Revolution | 1. Most people could afford a greater number of consumer goods 2. Living and working conditions were much improved |
| Factory Act of 1819 | In Britain, restricted working age and hours |
