| A | B |
|---|
| alleles | different forms of a trait that a gene may have |
| Cyctic Fibrosis | a homozygous recessive disorder |
| dominant | allele that covers up (or dominates) the other trait |
| Down Syndrome | caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 |
| genetics | the study of how traits are inherited |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| heterozygous | an organism with two alleles for one trait that are different |
| homozygous | an organism that has two alleles for one trait that are the same |
| hybrid | an organism that received different genetic information for a trait from each parent |
| incomplete dominance | neither allele for a trait is dominant |
| meiosis | cell division that produces sex cells |
| multiple alleles | more than two alleles; produces more than two phenotypes |
| mutation | genes that are altered or copied incorrectly |
| phenotype | how an organism looks or acts as a result of its genotype |
| polygenic inheritance | a group of genes work together to produce a trait (example: hair color or eye color) |
| Punnett square | a tool used to visualize all of the possible combinations of alleles from parents |
| recessive | a trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited |
| trait | a distinguishing quality that can be passed from one generation to another |
| mitosis | nuclear division in eukaryotic cells in which each cell receives an identical copy of the original chromosomes |
