| A | B |
|---|
| alliteration | forming word patterns by repeating initial consonant sounds. ( a lovely lady limped to London) |
| Imagery | creating vivid mental pictures by using words that appeal to the senses and the emotions |
| simile | a comparison of two objects using "like" or "as". ex. He was as quick as a flash. |
| metaphor | comparison of two objects not using "like" or "as". He is a computer. |
| hyperbole | a very large exaggeration. ex. I could sleep for a year. |
| personification | giving an innanimate object a human characteristic. ex. The wind whispered to the trees. |
| Onomatoepoeia | words that capture the sounds of sounds. ex. bee-buzz, cow- moo |
| rhyme/meter | causes the reader to move slowly or quickly, this greatly affects the mood of the poem. |
| Line length | poets decide line length depending on the mood they want to create. |
| word choice | is used to help mood and message of a poem, sounds and repetition are used. Consonants= harsh, angry, vowels and sliding letters (s) are softer = happy. Also, the more a word is repeated, the more important it is to the poem. |
| shape | depends on poet, they choose when to stop/start lines, and the shape to use. |
| Manipulation of rules | poets can change words around, avoid use of grammar for effect, but they usually leave spelling correct. |
| symbolism | using an object (symbol) to represent a idea or thought. ex. dove- peace |
| Foreshadowing | a clue given by the author or poet that gives a clue to the ending of a poem or piece of writing |
| Irony | a form of speech in which the acual meaning is expressed in words that carry the opposite meaning. (opposite of what you expect) ex. Olympic swimmer drowns in bathtub |
| Analogy | a comparison of similiar things, often for the purpose of using something familier to explain something unfamilier. ex. Breathing at the top of Everest is like how you feel after running a 100 meter dash. |
| Understatement | A type of verbal irony, in which something is purposely represented as being ar less important then it actually is. After climbing Everest the climber said.. It was an OK experience. |
| Allusion | when you refer to something indirectly. ex. Hopefully you can clean you shelf before we go to Art |
| mood | emotional state of a piece of writing. ex. happy, sad, angry |
| Ballad | tells a story, usually sad or violent. |
| narrative | tells a story, has a plot |
| Rhyming Couplet | Lines of poems that rhyme in pairs (aa,bb) |
| Descriptive Poems | very personal poems about ideas, experiences. Usually dealing with nature, love, friendship or death |
| free verse | poems with no visible rhyming pattern or shape |
| Quatrain | set of four lines with a regular rhyming pattern (abcb...abab...abba) |
| Cinquain | tells about one idea, small detail, or experience. It can be arranged by syllables or words, not mixed. May have rhyme or not. |
| Haiku | a japanese poem based on certain rules. No rhyme. Usually talks about a single idea or experience. First line is a reference to nature. Poem has syllable pattern of 5-7-5 |
| Limerick | humorus poem of 5 lines. Has a rhyming scheme of aabba |
| Concrete or shape | a poem where a visual representation about the idea or meaning of the poem is created. |
| Meter | Refers to the rhyming pattern of a stanza, determined by the kind and number of lines. Therefore it can be fast or slow. |
| Stanza | A grouping of lines in a poem, much like a paragraph in writing |
