| A | B |
|---|
| A document that sets out the laws and principles of a government | Constitution |
| What was our first system of government? | the Articles of Confederation |
| Under the articles of Confederation, how many votes did each state have? | one |
| What were some of the powers of the government under the Articles of Confederation? | Declare war, appoint military officers, coin money, set up a mail service |
| What were some of the weaknesses of the articles? | Could not regulare trade betwen states or between states and foreign countries, could not tax, no courts, no president to carry out the laws. |
| Why did some states not ratify the articles? | They ddin't want ot give up their western land claims. |
| What was the money problem under the articles? | Each state made their own money, which made it very difficult to trade |
| How did other countries take advantage of the United States under the articles? | Britain would not remove their troops from the Ohio River Valley, Spain refused to let us use the port of New Orleans |
| What was the most important achievement of the Articles of Confederation? | Northwest Ordinance |
| Where is the Northwest Territory? | the states north of the Ohio River: Ohio, Wisonsin, Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan |
| What did the land ordinance of 1785 do? | Divided the territory into townships, each with 36 sections. |
| What did the Northwest Ordinance do? | Set up a system for governing the Northwest Territory, said when a territory had 60,000 people they could apply for statehood, all new states would be equal to the original states, the territory would be divided into 3-5 states, and outlawed slavery in th |
| A period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall, and unemployment rises is called a ________. | Depression |
| What was Shay's Rebellion? | Daniel Shay led a group of farmers in Massachusetts in a revolt when the state tried to take their farms because they couldn't pay their taxes. |
| Why was Shay's Rebellion important? | The national government could not go in and put down the rebellion and showed the country how weak the Article of Confederation were. |
| How could the articles be changed? | All thirteen states would have to agree |
| This was the convention where they were going to change the Articles of Confederation. | Grand Convention |
| Where was the Grand Convention held? | Philadelphia |
| The Grand Convention became called the _____ when they decided to throw out the Articles and write a new Constitution. | Constitutional Convention |
| Who was the President of the Convention? | George Washington |
| Who took the notes from the Convention? | James Madison |
| What allowed the Constitutional Convention to be successful? | They kept everything secret, the notes were not puclished until all of them had passed away, and they were allowed to change their minds at any time. Even if a vote had already been taken. |
| What was the Virginia Plan? | It said that representatives to Congress should be based on population. |
| What are the three branches of government? | Legislative, Executive, and Judicial |
| Who heads each branch of government? | President heads the executive, Supreme Court heads the Judicial and Congress heads the Legislative Branch. |
| What is the function of each branch of government? | President executes or carries out the laws, Congress makes the laws, and the Supreme Court decides if each law is Constitutional. |
| What did the New Jersey Plan say? | Said each state should have one vote. |
| What was the Great Compromise? | It called for a two-house legislature |
| What is bicameral? | When there are two houses in the Legislative branch |
| Which house is based on population? | House of Representatives |
| Which house is representation equal for all states? | Senate |
| How many representatives does each state get to have in the Senate? | two |
| How did the Constitution deal with slavery? | Passed the 3/5ths Compromise which said that for every five slaves, three were counted for representation and taxation. |
| What did they do with the slave trade? | Said it could continue for the next 20 years |
| How many states had to ratify the Constitution before it could go into effect? | Nine |
| What limited the power of the English rulers and our Constitution is based on it. | Magna Carta |
| This protected the English peoples rights and limited the monarchy. | English bill of rights |
| A belief that people could improve society through reason was called _________. | Enlightenment |
| Who was the famous enlightenment speaker that we talked about in this chapter? | John Locke |
| This keeps one branch from being too powerful. | Separation of Powers or Checks and Balances |
| When government is divided between the states and the national government it is called _________. | Federalism |
| What powers does the Constitution give to the federal government? | Coin money, declare war, regulate trade between the states and other countries. |
| What were some powers given to the states? | Regulate trade in their borders, establish schools and local governments. |
| Any power not clearly give to the federal government is called a ______ power and is given to the __________. | Reserved, States |
| What are shared powers? | Powers given to both the states and the federal government. |
| How long is a term in the Senate? | 6 years |
| How long is a term in the House of Representatives? | 4 years |
| What is included in the Executive branch? | President, Vice-President, and Cabinet |
| Who is our current Commander in Chief? | George W. Bush |
| Who elects the President? | the Electoral College |
| To approve the Constitution is called to _______ it. | ratify |
| Supporters of the Constitution were called ________. | Federalists |
| People against the Constitution were called _______. | Anti-Federalists |
| What was the biggest complaint the Anti-Federalists had about the Constitution? | There were no bill of rights |
| These were papers that defended the Constitution. | Federalist Papers |
| Who was chosen as the first President? | George Washington |
| Who was the first Vice-President? | John Adams |
| Changes to the Constitution are called ___________. | Amendments |
| How many amendments do we have to our Constitution today? | 27 |
| Where would you find the Bill of Rights? | The first ten amendments to the Constitution. |
