| A | B |
|---|
| natural numbers | same as whole numbers without zero (0) |
| whole numbers | whole numbers with no fractions or decimals |
| integers | positive and negative whole numbers with no fractions or decimals |
| rational numbers | integers, whole, and natural numbers |
| irrational numbers | non-terminating or non-repeating decimal or any number that represents them |
| absolute value | the distance from zero |
| reciprocal | two numbers whose product is 1 |
| proportion | an equation showing that two ratios are equal |
| ratio | a comparison of two numbers |
| rate | a ratio comparing two different types of quantities, such as miles to gallons or feet to seconds |
| numerator | top number in a fraction |
| denominator | bottom number in a fraction |
| sequence | a set of numbers that followed a pattern |
| arithmetic sequence | a sequence of numbers where each term is found by adding the same number to the last term |
| geometric sequence | a sequence where you find the next term by multiplying that last term by the same number to get next term |
| term | each number in a sequence |
| scientific notation | a way of writing a number as the product of two factors; the first factor must be between 1 and 10 and the second factor is a power of 10 |
| standard form | the usual way of writing numbers |
| terminating decimal | a decimal with a limited number of digits |
| repeating decimal | a decimal with a digit or sequence of digits that repeats forever |
| fraction | part of a whole number such as ½ |
| decimal | a number that has a decimal point in it |
| percent | part per one hundred |
| equivalent expressions | two expressions that always have the same value for teh same substitutions |
| exponent | a number that tells how many times the base is multiplied by itself |
| polygon | a closed plane figure with at least thre sides |
| similar polygons | polygons in which corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding sides are in porportion |
| congruent angles | angles that have equal measure |
| scale model | a model that is similar to the actual object |
| unit rate | a rate that has a denominator of 1 |
| prime number | a whole number greater than 1 with exactly two factors, 1 and itself |
| composite number | a whole number greater than 1 with more than two factors |
| factor | a number is a factor of another number if it divides into that number with no remainder |
| prime factorization | an expression showing a positive number as a product of facos that are all prime |
| factor tree | a diagram that shows the steps for factoring a number |
| divisible | a number that can be divided by another number with no remainder |
| square root | the opposite of squaring a number, one of two equal factors of a number |
| perfect square | a number that is the square of a whole number |
| least common multiple | the least common number that is a common multiple of two or more numbers |
| multiple | the product of a number and any nonzero whole number |
| expression | a combination of numbers and mathematical operations |
| operation | a process performed on numbers, including addtion, subtracton, multiplication, and division |
| order of operations | what to do first, second, and so on when you find the value of an expression |
| commutative property | changing the order of numbers added or multiplied will not change the answer |
| associative property | changing the groupoing of numbers added or multiplied togheter will not change the answer |
| distributive property | a(b + c) = ab + ac and a(b - c) = ab - ac |
| identity property | the sum of any numbers and 0 is the same number, and the product of any number and 1 is the same number |
| zero-product property | the product of any number and 0 is 0. |
| additive inverse | two numbers whose sum equals zero; example, 2 and -2; 2 + (-2) = 0 |
| multiplicative inverse | the product of a number and its multiplicative inverse is 1, reciprical |
| scale factor | teh ratio of corresponding side lengths |
| prism | a 3-d figure with two parallel and congruent polygonal faces, called bases, named by the shape of its base |
| pyramid | a 3-d figure with triangular faces that meet at one point and a base that is a polygon taned for the shape of its base. |
| three-dimensional figure | a space figure such as a cylindar, cone, prism, or pyramid |
| cylinder | a 3-d figure with two circular, parallel, and congruent bases |
| complimentary | numbers that add up to 90 degrees |
| supplimentary | numbers that add up to 180 degrees |
