| A | B |
|---|
| physical science | the study of matter and energy |
| independent variable | the factor in an experiment that is manipulated by the investigator based on need and resources |
| dependent variable | the variable in an experiment that changes in response to the independent variable |
| control | a group or population in an experiment that is used for comparison purposes; makes results valid |
| standard | another name for a controlled variable OR the control in measurement |
| solid | definite volume, definite shape |
| liquid | definite volume, takes shape of its container |
| gas | no definite shape or volume |
| plasma | most common form of matter; gaslike mixture of charged particles |
| freezing point | specific temperature where a substance changes state from liquid to solid |
| melting point | specific temperature where a substance changes state from a solid to a liquid |
| boiling point | specific temperature where a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
| kinetic theory of matter | states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion |
| evaporation | change of state from liquid to gas; no specific temperature |
| condensation | change of state from gas to liquid; no specific temperature |
| sublimation | change of state from solid directly to gas; no specific temperature |
| Archimedes' Principle | the WEIGHT of the displaced fluid during displacement is exactly equal to the value of the buoyant force |
| viscosity | a measure of a material's resistance to flow |
| malleability | a measure of a material's ability to be hammered into a thin sheet |
| tensile strength | a measure of a material's ability to be pulled and withstand breakage |
| brittleness | a measure of a material's tendency to shatter |
| buoyancy | the upward force exerted by any fluid on an object placed into it |
| proton | the positively charged particle of an atom |
| neutron | the atomic particle which has mass but no charge |
| electron | the negatively charged particle of an atom |
| electron cloud | region surrounding the nucleus of an atom where its electrons are found |
| energy level | 1 of 7 major regions in the electron cloud |
| group | a vertical column on the periodic table |
| period | a horizontal row on the periodic table |
| Moseley | rearranged the periodic table by atomic number |
| Mendeleev | developed the periodic table; arranged it by atomic masses |
| ductile | a property of a metal that allows it be pulled into a thin wire |
| salt | an ionic compound formed between a halogen and a metal |
