| A | B |
|---|
| conductors | things that allow current to flow easily |
| good conductors | silver, copper & aluminum |
| insulators | resist the flow of current |
| Direct Current | Electrons flowing in the same directions |
| An example of a direct current | battery |
| Alternating current | electrons changing the direction of their flow |
| An example of Alternating current | power sent from generator to our homes |
| 2 types of batteries | Wet Cell & Dry Cell |
| Batteries are | Stored chemical energy that transforms that energy into electric current |
| A car uses what type of battery | Wet Cell |
| A camera or flashlight use what type of battery | Dry Cell |
| circuits | allowelectric current to flow freely along a path |
| What do circuits contain? | 1. A source of electricity, a conductor, aswitch, & a fuse |
| A fuse | is a safety device |
| A switch | can open or close a circuit |
| 2 types of circuits | Series & Parallel |
| An example ofSeries circuit | Cheap Christmas tree lights |
| An example of parallel circuits | In your home |
| Voltage = Volts | The amount of energy to move electric charges( the push of electrons |
| Resistance is | How difficult it is for electrons to flow through a conductor |
| Resistance is measures in | Ohms |
| A filament in a light bulbs is made of | the element Tungsten |
| The amount of resistence depends on 3 things | wire length,thickness of wire,what kind of metal the wire is made of |
| Potentiometer | A device that resists the amount of electricity like a dimmer |
| Switch | Starts and stops the flow of electricity |
| Short circuit | This happens when a shorter path is made, the electricity will follow that path and shorts the circuit because it begins to heat up |
| I == currents/measured in amps | amps |
| Current = ( Formula) | I(amps)= v (voltage)/Resistence (Ohms) |
| Volts or voltage = | current(amps) X Ohms (resistence) |
| Resistence ( Ohms) = | voltage/amps |
| Electrical Power = | Voltage X Current |
| Neutrons | found in the nucleus of an atom and has no electrical charge |
| Proton | A positive electric charge |
| Electron | A tiny particle within an atom that carries an electrical charge |
| Atom | the smallest part of an element |
| Atoms contain | protons,neutrons,electrons, & a nucleus |
| series circuit | electric current flowing in a single path and going through apart |
| parallel circuit | Each part is conducted to its own branch |
| filament | coiled wire in a light bulb |
| light bulbs contain two gasses | argon & nitrogen |
| direct current | flows in 1 direction |
| resistors | slow down electric current |
| fuses | electrical safety devices found in fuse boxes. A fuse will open when too much current is used |
| Power | is work/energy |
| kilowatt | unit to measure amount of energy |
| static electricity | build up of electrical charges |
| voltage | unit of electrical force |
| anode | negative terminal of battery |
| cathode | positive terminal of battery |
| ammeter | measures ampere |
| wire | good conductor |
| closed circuit | does not allow electrons to flow |
| open circuit | a circuit which allows electrons to flow |
| a bettery has___ terminals | 2 |
| electric charge | an attraction or repulsion of an electric force |
| magnetic field | region around a magnet |
| like poles | repel |
| unlike poles | attract |
