| A | B |
|---|
| acid | releases (donates) protons (H+s) when dissolved in water |
| base | takes up (accepts) protons (H+s) when dissolved in water |
| buffer | helps to maintain a constant pH of a solution because it can gain or lose electrons |
| functional group | an atom or group of atoms in an organic compound that gives the compound some of its characteristic properties |
| dehydration synthesis | metabolic reactions in which cells bond sub-units together to build large organic molecules (polymers) that contain a lot of chemical energy |
| hydrolysis | metabolic reactions in which cells break apart molecule into sub-units by adding H2O and this releases chemical energy. |
| organelles | membrane-bound compartments, in which conditions are suitable for specific cellular reactions to occur. |
| diffusion | movement of suspended or dissolved particles from a more concentrated to a less concentrated area |
| osmosis | diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane |
| exocytosis | fusion of a vesicle with plasma membrane, releasing a substance from a cell. |
| endocytosis | in-folding of plasma membrane so that a substance can be taken into a cell. |
| metabolism | all reactions essential to carry out the processes so that cells can survive & reproduce |
| ATP | molecule with the energy used to power the work a cell must carry out to stay alive |
| activation energy | amount of energy necessary to get substrates (reactants) to undergo a reaction. |
