| A | B |
|---|
| chromatid | half of a replicated chromosome |
| centromere | the place where two chromatids are glued together to form a chromosome |
| homologous chromosomes | autosomes that carry the same information and match each other |
| karyotype | a photograph of a person's homologous chromosomes in a human |
| diploid | having two sets of chromosomes |
| haploid | sperm and eggs have only one set of chromosomes |
| mitosis | nuclear division in eukaryotes |
| meiosis | cell division that produces gametes |
| cell cycle | the repeating events that make up the life of a cell |
| interphase | a time between cell divisions when a cell grows |
| cytokinesis | when a cell's cytoplasm is equally divided into two cells |
| prophase | first mitosis phase in which the chomosomes become visible |
| metaphase | mitosis stage when chromosomes line up at the equator |
| anaphase | mitosis stage when chromatids separate |
| telophase | mitosis stage when two cells are formed |
| gametes | sperm and eggs |
| synapsis | pairing of homologous chromosomes |
| crossing-over | portions of chromatids break off and attach to adjacent chromatids during meiosis |
| independent assortment | a random separation of maternal and paternal chromosomes |
| spermatogenesis | meiosis that produces sperm |
| oogenesis | meiosis that produces eggs |
| chromatin | DNA material that is unwound in the nucleus |
| chromosome | a single body that contains an average of 1,000 genes |
| replicated chromosome | consists of 2 identical chromatids |
