| A | B |
|---|
| junks | large Chinese ships |
| queue | single braid that characterized the hairstyle that all Chinese men were required to wear during the Qing dynasty |
| philology | history of literature and language |
| Hsuan-Yeh | Chinese emperor from Manchura. Qing dynasty. Increased size of empire, used civil service exams, flood control and opened Chinese ports to foreign trade |
| White Lotus Rebellion | discontent over increased taxes and growing government inefficiency led to a peasant rebellion by members of a Buddhist cult |
| free trade | practice based on the belief that government should not restrict or interfere with international trade |
| extraterritoriality | exemption of foreigners from the laws of the country in which they live or do business |
| "unequal" treaties | trade treaties that China signed under pressure of invasion, giving Western powers trade benefits |
| Opium War | Conflict from 1939-1842 between China and Britain that arose due to Britains's export of opium to China |
| Treaty of Nanjing | treaty following the Opium War in which china gave Hong Kong to Britain and opened ports to British trade |
| Taiping Rebellion | revolt in China from 1850-1864, led by Hong Xiuquan who, influenced by Christian teachings, declared a mission to establish a new dynasty |
| consulates | foreign diplomatic offices headed by consuls |
| Treaty of Kanagawa | negotiations between Matthew Perry and japan in 1854 that permitted trade between the two countries |
| Oda Nobunaga | first of local daimyo in Japan to begin to build a feudal system in Japan |
| Toyotomi Hideyoshi | rose from warrior to one of the greatest generals. Continued the unification of Japan. "sword hunt" to disarm peasants so they could not become warriors. |
| Tokugawa Leyasu | established the Tokugawa shogunate that lasted 250 years. |
| Matthew Perry | American commodore that negotiated a treaty that would guarantee the safety of U.S. sailors and open Japanese ports to American trade. |
| ghazis | warriors for Islam, Turkish soldiers who were the first Ottomans |
| reaya | ordinary citizens in Ottoman society |
| millets | separate, self-governed religious minorities within the Ottoman Empire |
| janissaries | highly trained troop of slave soldiers for Ottoman sultans |
| Taj Malal | building constructed under Shah Jahan as a tomb for his wife, which remains one of the architectural wonders of the world |
| Sikh | religion based on the teachings of Nanak, an Indian mystic on the 1500s, who tried to unite the hindu and Muslim religions |
| Osman | a ghazi leader whose followers became known as Ottomans |
| Timur | Turko-Mongol leader who calimed he was descended from Genghis Kan. Ke created an army and stopped to Ottoman expansion for awhile. |
| Mehemed | conquered Constantinople in 1453 and renamed it Istanbul |
| Suleyman | greatest Ottoman sultan. Known as "the Magnificent" and "the Lawgiver". Expanded the Ottoman Empire |
| kizilbash | meaning "Red Heads" for the red hats they wore. The Safavid military groups |
| Safi od-din | ancestor of the Safavids who settled in Persia |
| Esma il | became head of Safavids and took the ancient Persian title of shah. |
| Tahmasp | son of Esma il. Lost territory to Ottomans and Uzbeks |
| Abbas | reformed the military, regained control of lost territory. Reign a time of economic development. Encouraged manufacturing and foreign trade. |
| Rajputs | Indian warrior princes |
| Babur | descendant of Timur. Conquests became the core of the Mughal empire of India |
| Akbar | grandson of Babur. Greatest Mughal emperor. Introduced an improved tax system, great supporter of the arts. Great achievements in aarchitecture. Tolerant of all religions. |
| Shah Jahan | reigned Mughals during height. Built the Taj Mahal and the hall of Private Audience. |
| Aurangzeb | younger son of Shah Jahan. Imprisoned his father and became emperor. Devote Muslim. Undid all reforms of previous rulers. His actions led to weakening of empire. |
