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Stanza
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group of lines that
form a unit in a poem
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Couplet
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groupings of two line stanzas
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Quatrain
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groupings of four line stanzas
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Rhyme
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repetition of sounds in
words; similar sounding words
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Refrain
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a word, a phrase, or a
line repeated regularly in a poem
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Simile
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comparing two things
that aren’t alike using “like” or “as” to compare them
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Metaphor
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comparing two things
that aren’t alike; without using the words “like” or “as” to
compare them but using
a form of “to be” (is, are, was, & were)
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Hyperbole
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a statement that is exaggerated intentionally to emphasize
a point
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Personification
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an animal, an object,
or an idea that is given the characteristics of humans
(thinking, feeling,
hoping, loving dreaming, walking, needing)
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Imagery
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using vivid language to describe things that
appeal to your senses
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Alliteration
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repetition of the initial sound of a word
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Assonance –
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repetition of vowel sounds of a word
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Consonance
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repetition of the final consonant sounds of a word
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Onomatopoeia
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a word whose sound
makes you think of its meaning
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Symbolism
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using object to
represent something else
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Concrete Poetry
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the shape of the poem resembles the subject of the poem
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Narrative
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a poem that tells a story; it has setting, plot, characters,
theme, etc.
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Ballad
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a narrative that tells a single story; it has strong rhythm,
and rhyme
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Limerick
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a five lined rhymed,
rhythmic poem that is usually funny
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Lyric Poem
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expresses the poet’s thoughts; creates a specific mood
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Free Verse
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poem with irregular rhythms, and varied
line lengths and stanzas; visually creative.
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Haiku
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Japanese poem; 17 total syllables in three lines; 5 syllables
in line 1, 7 syllables in line 2, and 5 syllables in line 3.
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