STUDY GUIDE/REVIEW
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
1.Each of the kingdoms of living things
exhibits multicellularity.
True False
2. Linnaeus classified living things on the
basis of whether they were plants or animals.
True False
3. The Greek Philosopher Aristotle grouped
animals according to their structural similarities.
True False
4. The first word of a scientific name
identifies the kind of organism within a family.
True False
5. To ensure accurate communication of
information, biologists assign a unique two-word scientific name to each
organism.
True False
6. Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic
organisms belong to the Kingdom Fungi.
True False
7. Organisms in the Kingdom Animalia are
multicellular and obtain their nutrition by ingesting food.
True False
8. Cladograms represent direct information
about ancestors and descendants, showing who came from whom.
True False
9. In Aristotle's system, the classification
of animals was based on morphology and similarities of embryological
development.
True False
10. According to cladistic taxonomy,
dinosaurs are more closely related to birds than they are to lizards.
True False
11. Scientists think that archaebacteria,
some which live in extremely harsh environments, closely resemble the first
kinds of organisms to live on Earth.
True False
12. Systematic taxonomists consider the
habitat of and organism as their primary basis for classification.
True False
13. Recognition by scientists of two broad
types of bacteria resulted in the establishment of two different domains of
bacteria.
True False
____14. The branch of biology that names and
groups organisms according to their characteristics and evolutionary history
are called
a. nomenclature b.
classification c.
hierarchy d. taxonomy
____15. To avoid confusion, scientific names
for organisms are all
a. according to
country
c. English
b. official and
international
d. in three languages
____16. A system that ranks categories from
the broadest to the most specific can be thought of as a
a.
hierarchy b. homologous
structure c.
nomenclature d. kingdom
____17. Identifying organisms by their genus
and species names is called
a. binomial
nomenclature
c. ancestral nomenclature
b. one-name
naming
d. trinomial nomenclature
____18.
In the scientific name Homo sapiens, sapiens is the name
of the
a. division b.
genus c.
kingdom d. species
____19. Of the following, the largest taxon
is a
a. family b.
species c.
kingdom d. phylum
____20. The smallest taxon is a
a. kingdom b.
species c.
family d. genus
____21. A good classification system does all
of the following except
a. show relationships
c. shows evolutionary trends
b. create
confusion
d. use one scientific name for an organism
____22. The two-name system of classifying
organisms was developed by
a. Charles Darwin b.
Thomas Edison c.
Aristotle d. Carolus Linnaeus
____23. The kingdom that includes prokaryotes
is
a.
Archaebacteria b.
Fungi c. Protista d.
Plantae e. Animalia
____24. In the scientific name: Acer
rubrum, Acer is the name of the
a. species b.
genus c.
family d.
kingdom e. order
____25. Which of the following taxonomic
categories refers only to plants?
a. Phylum b.
genus c. class d.
division e. kingdom
____26. The main criterion used by Linnaeus
to classify organisms is their
a. phylogeny b.
taxonomy c.
morphology d. habitat
____27. The evolutionary history of an
organism is its
a. phylogeny b.
taxonomy c. morphology d.
habitat e. classification
____28. The species identifier denoting the
species of the leopard frog, Rana pipiens, is
a. leopard b.
frog c. Rana d. pipiens
e. leopard frog
____29. In the scientific name of an
organism, the first part is the
a. species identifier b.
variety c. subspecies d.
genus e. family
____30. A modern systematic taxonomists would
likely consider the following when classifying an organism
a. behavior, morphology, embryology, and habitat
b. fossil record, morphology, embryological
development, and macromolecules
c. fossil record, macromolecules, habitat, and
embryological development
d. fossil record, morphology, embryological
development, and habitat
____31. An ancestry diagram made by grouping
organisms according to their shared derived characteristics is called a
a. phylogenic tree
b. taxonomic category c. phylum
d. cladogram e. family tree
____32. Archaebacteria can be distinguished
from eubacteria because of differences in their
a. cell walls b. plasma
membranes c. gene
architecture d. All of the above
____33. Nearly all single-celled eukaryotes
that are either heterotrophs or photosynthetic belong to the kingdom
a. Animalia
b. Fungi c.
Plantae d. Protista
____34. Most multicellular, nucleated
autotrophs that carry on photosynthesis belong to the kingdom
a. Animalia b.
Fungi c.
Eubacteria d.
Plantae e. Archaebacteria
____35. Multicellular, nucleated heterotrophs
that always obtain food by absorbing nutrients from the environment belong to
the kingdom
a. Animalia b.
Eubacteria c.
Fungi d.
Plantae e. Protista
____36. An organism that breaks down organic
matter, which it then absorbs, is a member of the kingdom
a. Fungi b.
Plantae c.
Animalia d. Protista
____37. The three most successful
multicellular groups are
a. plants, animals, and protists
b. plants, animals, and bacteria
c. plants, animals, and fungi
d. plants, protist and fungi
e. animals, bacteria, and protists
____38. Linnaeus put similar species into a
larger group called the
a. class b.
family c.
genus d. division
____39. Scientist don't use organisms common
names because
a. an organism may have more than one common
name
b. common names are too ambiguous
c. an organism rarely has the same name in
different languages
d. All of the above
____40. An organism can have
a. one genus and one species name
b. one genus name and two species names
c. two scientific names if it is found on
different continents
d. two genus names but only one species name
____41. Today, Scientific names are written
in what language?
a. English b.
Greek c. Arabic d.
French e. Latin
____42. Two organisms in the same class but
different orders will
a. be in different
kingdoms
c have the same genus name
b. be in the same
phylum
d. be members of the same species
____43. As we move through the biological
hierarchy from kingdom to species level, organisms
a. vary more and more
b. are less and less related to each other
c. become more similar in appearance
d. always are members of the same order
____44. Today, biologists classify organisms
by their
a. physical
similarities
c. chemical similarities
b. behavioral
similarities
d. All of the above
____45. Kingdoms are divided into phyla, and
a phylum is divided into
a.
families b.
classes c.
orders d. genera
____46. The correct order of the biological
hierarchy from kingdom to species is
a. kingdom, class, family, order, phylum, genus,
species
b. kingdom, order, class, family, phylum, genus,
species
c. kingdom, class, phylum, family, order, genus,
species
d. kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus,
species
e. kingdom, class, order, phylum, family, genus,
species
MATCHING:
______1.
Archaea
A. kingdom; includes Euglena and amoebas
______2.
Bacteria
B. domain; includes chemosynthetic bacteria
______3.
Eukarya
C. kingdom; includes mushrooms and molds
______4.
Animalia
D. kingdom; includes humans and insects
______5. Archebacteria E.
kingdom; includes disease-causing bacteria
______6. Eubacteria
F. domain; includes both plants and animals
______7.
Fungi
G. kingdom; includes chemosynthetic bacteria
______8.
Protista
H. domain; includes disease-causing bacteria
DIRECTIONS: Read Chapter 18, Classification, and Answer the
questions below as completely and as thoroughly as possible. Answer the
question in essay form (not outline form), using complete sentences. You may
use diagrams to supplement your answers, but a diagram alone without appropriate
discussion is inadequate. See me if you need Help, Have Problems or Questions
or To Check Your Answers.
1. What are the six kingdoms recognized today? What do plants and fungi have in common with animals?
2. Explain how embryological evidence helps to define phylogeny.
3. Compare and Contrast the six-kingdom system with the three-domain system. What evidence prompted the development of the three-domain system? What are the three domains?