| A | B |
|---|
| Spanish Armada | Sent to invade England in 1588 but was defeated |
| Act of Toleration | Gave religious freedom to Christians in Maryland |
| Mayflower Compact | helped establish the idea of government by the conset of the people |
| Bacon's Rebellion | settlers in western Virginia rebelled demanding protection from the Indians |
| John Peter Zenger | His trial helped to establish the idea of freedom of the press in America |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | the Pope divided the New World between Spain and Portugal |
| John Rolfe | found a better way to cure tobacco and made it a successful crop |
| William Penn | founded Pennsylvania for Quakers |
| James Ogelthorpe | founded Georgia as a haven for debtors |
| John Cabot | explored along New England and claimed the east coast for England |
| Anne Hutchinson | banished from Massachusetts for antinomianism |
| Roger Williams | banished from Massachusetts for his views and founded Rhode Island |
| feme sole | legal status of women who were unmarried or widowed |
| feme covert | legal status of married women |
| Halfway Covenant | allowed Puritan parents to get their children baptized if they agreed to follow the church |
| jeremiad | a type of sermon intended to scare the listeners to be more religious |
| Middle Colonies | bread basket of the 13 colonies |
| Glorious Revolution | overthrew the English king in 1688 |
| John Locke | wrote the Social Contract Theory |
| whig ideology | warned against standing armies and said liberty must be protected |
| Balboa | "discovered" the Pacific Ocean and claimed a large area for Spain |
| Cortez | Spaniard who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico |
| Salutary Neglect | Practice whereby the English ignored enforcing the Navigation Acts |
| New Lights | Congregationalists who supported the religious revivals of the Great Awakening |
| headright system | Used in Virginia; it gave 50 acres of land for each passage paid to America |
| Jamestown | first permanent English settlement in America |
| Great Migration | period of heavy immigration of Puritans in the 1630s |
| Henry Hudson | worked for England; explored along Canada looking for the mythical northwest passage |
| Dominion of New England | fused New England with New York; governed by Edmund Andros |
| New Netherlands | Dutch colony that later became New York |
| corporate colony | a colony founded by a company, such as the Virginia Company |
| Middle Colonies | the most diverse populous of the colonies |
| George Whitefield | an important leader of the Great Awakening in America |
| Middle Passage | the journey that brought African slaves to the Americas |
| mercantilism | economic system in which the colonies were to benefit the "mother country" |
| Thomas Hooker | founded Connecticut |
| Fundamental Orders | the first written constitution in America; in Connecticut |
| republic | a government in which people elect representatives to speak for them |
| virtual representation | the idea that the members of Parliament represented all people in the British empire |
| Council | upper house of the colonial legislature; appointed by the governor |
| House of Burgessses | the first elected representative body in the American colonies; in Virginia |
| Maryland | colony originall founded for Catholics |
| Georgia | colony originally founded for debtors |
| Great Awakening | the first mass movement in America, 1730s-1740s |
| charter | The Puritans brought this with them, which made them self-governing |
| virtue | the notion of placing the public's interest above one's own |
| predestination | Calvinist belief that God knew one's fate even before they were born |
| primogeniture | practice in which the eldest son inherited all of the estate |
| Ben Franklin | good example of the "enlightened" American |
| indentured servitude | this allowed many poor people in England to come to America |
| Jonathan Edwards | Great Awakening preacher who gave the sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" |
| New England | This colonial section was predominantly English |
| Cato's Letters | written by Trenchard and Gordan in England; expressed Whig Ideology |
