| A | B |
|---|
| Balancing Equations (can skip on flash cards) | one of theses with exponents (can skip on flash cards) |
| Boyle's Law | if you decrease the volume of a container of gas, the pressure of the gas will increase, providing the temperature does not change |
| Boyle's Law (Formula) | P1V1=P2V2 |
| Combined Gas Law | Boyle's Law and Charles' Law combined into one formula |
| Combined Gas Law (Formula) | P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 |
| Dot Diagrams (no note cards) | seeing that equatioins are able to become stable (no note cards) |
| Ionic Compounds | a +2, -2 or +1, -1 combination, they steal, ex. Magnesium Oxide (+2, -2) and Sodium Chloride (+1, -1) |
| Binary Compounds | a +1, -3 combination, ex. Li3N, Na3P |
| Initial Velocity | in the formula for calculating acceleration, means starting velocity |
| Final Velocity | in the formula for calculating acceleration, means last velocity |
| Initial Momentum | means starting momentum, P1= M1 * V1+M2 * V2 |
| Constructive Interference | when sound waves come together to make a better or louder sounds, and a new wave |
| Destructive Interference | when sound waves come together and disrupt each other by making the sound unclear or jumbled |
| Celcius to Fareinhight | F=9/5(C+32) |
| Fareinhight to Celcius | C=5/9(F-32) |
| Celius to Kelvin | add 273 |
| Kelvin to Celcius | subtract 273 |
| Exercise | steps reqiured for a solution already known |
| Experiment | an organized procedure for testing a hypothesis, this typically had a control and dependent and independent variables |
| Constant | in an experiment, a factor that does not change |
| Independent Variable | in an experiment, the factor adjusted to a different value by the experimenter to see what affect it will have on the dependent variable |
| Dependent Variable | in an experiment, the factor whose value changes because of a change in the independent variable |
| Problem | a situation in which something appears to be missing |
| Hypothesis | a testable prediction used to see how something works or to solve a problem |
| Observation | using your senses to gather information |
| Control | in an experiment, a standard for comparison that is often needed to draw a meaningful conclusion |
| Line Graph | used to show trends or how that data change over over time |
| Bar Graph | useful for comparing information collected by counting |
| Circle Graph, Pie Graph | used to show how some fixed quantity is broken down into parts |
| Friction | the force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching each other |
| Conversions | L---mL, g---kg, etc. |
| Kinetic Energy | energy in the form of motion, as in a moving car or truck, the greater the mass and velocity of a moving object, the more of this it has |
| Specific Heat | the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material 1 K, it is measured in joules per kilogram per kelvin |
| Specific Heat (formula) | C=Q/(m*delta T), specific heat=change in thermal energy/(mass*change in temperature) |
| Velocity | the speed and direction of a moving body, such as a storm or a basketball thrown across a court |
| Mechanical Energy | the total amount of kinetic energy and potential energy in a system |
| Thermal Energy | total energy of a material's particles, including both kinetic energy and potential energy |
| Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion |
| Gravity | force exerted by every object in the universe on every other object |
| Acceleration | the rate of change in velocity |
| Average Speed | a rate of motion determined by dividing the total distance traveled by the total travel time |
| Momentum | a property of any moving object, calculated by multiplying mass and velocity |
| Termial Velocity | the greatest velocity reached by a falling object, is achieved when the force of gravity is balanced by air resistance |
| Newton's First Law of Motion | describes the relationship between velocity and forces, an object moving at a constant velocity keeps moving at that smae velocity unless a net force acts on it, an object at rest stays at rest unless a net force acts on it |
| Newton's Second Law of Motion | describes the acceleration of an object in the direction of the net force applied to it |
| Newton's Third Law of Motion | describes action-reaction pairs, for every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force |
| Air Ressistance | frictional force air exerts on a moving object, acts opposite in direction to the objects motion, amount of this depends on an object's shape, density, speed, and size |
| Hydraulic Machines | these things that move heavy loads use Pascal's Principle |
| Bouyant Force | ability of a fluid to exertan upward force on an object immersed in the fluid |
| Bernoulli's Principle | a Swiss scientist stated that as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases |
| Periodic Table | a table of the elements arranged according to repeated changes in properties |
| Isotopes | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, ex. boron-10 and boron-11 |
| Metals | elements usually having these common properties: shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, are solids at room temperature, found to the left of the stair-step line on the periodic table |
| Mettaloids | elements having properties of both metals and nonmetals, found along the stair-step line on the periodic table |
| Radioactive Element | an unstable element whose neucleus breaks down and gives off particles, radiation, and energy |
| Transuranium Element | any element having more than 92 protons |
| Electrons | negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus of the atom |
| Proton | atomic particle with a positive charge that is part of the atom's neucleus |
| Neutron | atomic particle with no charge (neutral) that is part of an atom's nucleus |
| Ion | a positively or negatively charged atom |
| Quarks | very small particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons, presently, six different types of these are known |
| Alkaline Earth Metal | +2 on the periodic table, they are shiny, malleable, and ductile |
| Mass Number | sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's neucleus |
| Actinide | these are located from elements 90 to 103 |
| Alkali Metal | +1 on the periodic table, they are very reactive |
| Halogen | highly active elements in Group 17 of the periodic tablethey have seven electrons in there outer shells and readily combine with Group 1 elements such as Sodium |
| Calculating Power (formula) | Power (P)= Current (I)* Voltage (V) |
| Calculating Electrical Energy (formula) | Energy (E)= Power (P)* Time(T) |
| Trevatron | device used to calculate quarks |
| Final Momentum | means "last momentum," M1 * V1 + M2 * V2 = M1 * V1 + M2 * V2 (the V1 and the V2 in the second half of the problem are the variable "x") |
