| A | B |
|---|
| "The Five Rights" | right mediciation, right dose, right route, right patient, right time |
| parenteral routes | routes of medication other than by the digestive tract, including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraocceous, transdermal, endotracheal, and inhalation |
| enteral routes | routes of medicatioon through the digestive tract, including oral, sublingual, and rectal |
| intradermal | medication injected into the dermal layer of the skin. The amount of medication that can be administered by this route is limited and systemic absorption is very slow. |
| transdermal | medication placed on the skin and absorbed into the circulatory system through the skin. |
| subcutaneous | medication injected directly into the fatty, subcutaneous tissue under the skin that overlies the muscle. Absorption from this route is slow, resulting in a delpayed onset of action and prolonged effect. |
| intramuscular | medication injected into the muscle tissue, from which it is absorbed into the bloodstream. This method of administration has a predicatble rate of absorption, but its onset of action is considerably slower than intravenous administration. |
| intravenous | medication injected into the vein. Provides a rapid, predictable absorption with minimal complications. |
| endotracheal | medication administered through the endotracheal tube, which permits absorption into the pulmonary capillaries of the lungs. |
| intraosseous | medication injected into the bone marrow, used primarily wiht pediatric patients. Medications quickly enter the circulatory system. |
| inhalation | medication administered throught he respiratory tract. Inhaled medication may be administered via aerosolized treatments and inhalers. |
| sublingual injection | medication injected inot the capillary network immediately under the tongue. |
| intracardiac | medication injected directly into the ventricle of the heart. |
| sublingual | medication placed under the tongue for rapid absorption into the capillary bed. |
| oral | medication administered by mouth. Medications used in prehospital care that are administered orally include syrup of ipecac and activated charcoal. |
| rectal | medication absorbed from the rectum into the circulatory system |
| peripheral veins | the veins of the arms and legs and the external jugular vein |
| central veins | veins that are part of the central circulation, including the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein |
| microdrip set | an intravenous administration set that delivers one milliliter with 60 drops of fluid |
| macrodrip set | an intravenous administration set that delivers one milliliter with 10 to 15 drops of fluid |
| bolus | a concentrated dose of medication given rapidly by intranvenous injection |
| IV push | the method of administering a bolus of medication intravenously in one rapid dose |
| drip | slow intravenous administration of medication, one drop at a time |
| IV piggyback | drip administration of medication achieved by inserting the drip medication set into a port in the orginal intravenous line. |
| actions | the therapeutic effects of a medication |
| contraindications | situations in which a medication should not be used |
| dose | the amount of a medication that is given to a patient at one time |
| form | the size, shape, consistenc, or appearance of a medication |
| indications | the common reasons for using a medication to treat a specific condition |
| medication | a drug or other substance that is used as a remedy for illness |
| drug | a chenical substance that is used to treat or prevent a disease or condition |
| route | the means by which a medication is given or taken |
| side effects | the undesired effects of a medication |
