| A | B |
|---|
| vibration | a back-and-forth movement |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| sound wave | a vibration that spreads away from a vibrating object |
| compression | the part of a sound wave where molecules are crowded together |
| rarefaction | the part of a sound wave where molecules spread apart |
| molecules | smallest pieces that matter can be broken down into without changing the kind of matter |
| hammer,anvil, stirrup | vibrating bones in the middle ear that pass sound vibrations along to a fluid-filled tube in the inner ear |
| vacuum | place where there is no matter |
| pitch | how high or low a sound is |
| frequency | the number of times an object vibrates per second |
| hertz | a unit for measuring frequency |
| decibel | a unit for measuring loudness |
| oscilloscope | device used to compare the waves of sounds that have different pitches |
| ultrsonic | sound too high to be heard by humans |
| reflection | the bouncing of a sound wave off a surface |
| absorption | the disappearance of a sound into a surface |
| echo | a reflected sound wave |
| echolocation | the finding of an object by using reflected sound |
| Doppler effect | the change in frequency (and pitch) as a source of sound moves toward or away from you |
| quality | the difference you hear in two sounds of the same loudness and pitch |
| fundamental frequency | the lowest frequency at which an object vibrates |
| overtune | one of a series of pitches that blend to give a sound its quality |
