| A | B |
| plateau | a flat elevated area of land |
| plain | an area of flat, open land |
| city-state | self-governing city and surrounding area |
| administrator | person who directs a governmnent or organization |
| artisan | worker who is skilled in making things by hand |
| epic | long poem about a hero |
| polytheism | belief in more than one god |
| pictograph | picture-writing |
| cuneiform | wedge-shaped characters in ancient languages |
| scribe | professional writer or record keeper |
| empire | a nation and the other nations it has conquered |
| code | set of laws or rules |
| exile | forced absence from one's country |
| astronomer | scientist who studies the stars and planets |