| A | B |
|---|
| an organism capable of making its own food | autotroph |
| an organism that is incapable of making its own food and therefore must consume other organisms to obtain food | heterotroph |
| a compound that serves as a temporary energy storage molecule in all cells | ATP (adenosine triphosphate) |
| the molecule that is produced when ATP is split to yield its stored energy | ADP (adenosine diphosphate) |
| the process whereby simple sugars are formed from carbon dioxode and water in the presence of light and chlorophyll | photosynthesis |
| the green-pigmented molecule in plant cells that is necessary as a catalyst for photosynthesis to take place | chlorophyll |
| any substance that brings about a chemical reaction between two or more other substances and affects the rate of the reaction, but does not itself become changed in the reaction | catalyst |
| the breaking apart of a water molecule by energized chlorophyll | photolysis |
| the process whereby organisms (such as certain bacteria) obtain cellular energy from the breakdown of inorganic molecules and use that energy to synthesize sugar; these organisms make their own food, but not by photosynthesis | chemosynthesis |
| the method plants most commonly use to fix carbon in the process of photosynthesis | Calvin cycle |
| the most common form of photosynthesis; also known as the Calvin cycle | C3 pathway |
| an alternative pathway of photosynthesis using special organic molecules in plants such as cacti and pineapples that open their stomata at night rather than during the day | CAM pathway |
| openings on the underside of the leaves of a green plant that permit carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave the plant | stomata |
| an alternative pathway of photosynthesis (used by plants such as corn and crabgrass) that occurs during high levels of oxygen and low levels of carbon dioxide | C4 pathway |
