| A | B |
|---|
| Lipids | source of stored energy. Structure of cell membranes. Make hormones examples; fats, oils, waxes,steroids |
| proteins | Structural materials in your body. Muscles. Reglate chemical activity in blood. ex. meat, beans, nuts, dairy,eggs |
| carbohydrates | stores energy. unused carbs are fats/turn into sugar. examples; (simple)sugars, (complex) grains |
| nucleic acids | DNA-Blueprints for life...RNA- helps body make proteins |
| adhesion | force of attraction between unlike particles |
| cohesion | force of attraction between like particles |
| capillary action | adhesion and cohesion work together...tall plants to get water to the top of the plants |
| polar molecules | polarized-charges don't balance evenly. excellent solvent |
| heat capacity | water has a hight resistence to change in temperature |
| diffusion | when the particles of one substance are distributed even;ly throughout another...from high to low concentration |
| active transport | using energy (atp) to get particles to move from low to high concentration |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
| capillary network | CO2 and wasted diffuse out of the cell and O2 and nutrients diffuse in |
| red blood cells | contain no nucleus. contain hemoglobin which carries co2 and o2 |
| white blood cells | ingest and destroy bacteria...active in the presence of certain infections and allergies..(heparin and histamine)...keeps blood from clotting...production of antibodies |
| platelets | adhere to the wall of blood vessels at the sight of an injury...releases clotting agents |
| plasma | mostly water...hormones,enzymes,fats,amino acids, and urea...helps hemophelia (inability to form blood clots.) |
| hemoglobin | found in red blood cells...gives red color...transports o2 to body from lungs and co2 and wastes to lunges from body...nitric oxide (regulates blood pressure) |
| heat production | muscles work and move creating more heat in the body |
| movement | skeletal muscles and smooth muscles...(walking and digesting)...cardiac muscles and blood flow |
| posture and body support | skeletal muscles use to lift up back and head |
| smooth muscles | involuntary...spindle shaped...central nucleus...controlled by the autonomic nervous system...found in skin, internal organs, reproductive system, excretory system, and major blood vessels |
| skeletal/striated muscles | voluntary...stringy...controlled by central nervous system...also known as the voluntary muscle...held together by tendons |
| cardiac muscles | involuntary...comprises most of the vertebrae heart...centrally placed nuclei...controlled by the autonomic nervous system...cardiac contraction is not yet understood |
| meiosis | nuclear division that results in the formation of haploid sex cells. Each new cell has half the genetic material of the original cell. creates 4 |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parents to their offspring |
| genotype | genetic makeup of an individual according to its genes |
| phenotype | the physical expression of a trait |
| recessive | trait that is not always expressed . must have 2 to be expressed |
| dominant | trait that will always be expressed when present in the genotype |
| heterogeneous | having 2 different factors from the same trait |
| homogeneous | having 2 of the same factors for a trait |
| incomplete dominance | red and white...pink. neither trait is completely dominant |
| co-dominance | speckled...2 dominant traits for a factor |
| 3 components of a nucleotide | sugar, phosphate and nitrogen bases |
| four different nucleotides | adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine |
| mRNA | copies instructions for making proteins and takes them to the ribosome |
| tRNA | carries amino acide to the ribosome and gets the anti-codons organized to bond with the codons |
