| A | B |
|---|
| precipition(p.458) | water that moves from the atmosphere to the land and oceans, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail |
| evaporation (p.459) | the change from a liquid to a gas |
| ground water (p.459) | water stored in underground caves, pools, or between rocks |
| decomposition (p.460) | the breakdown of dead materials into carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, and other reusable nutrients |
| combustion (p.460) | the process of burning; includes the burning of fossil fuels |
| condensation (p.459) | the process of cooling water vapor to a liquid that can fall to Earth as precipitation |
| transpiration (p.459) | the passing of water vapor through openings in a leaf into the air |
| photosynthesis (p.460) | the process by which green plants capture light energy from the sun and change it into sugar |
| nitrogen cycle (p.460) | the movement of nitrogen from the nonliving environment into living organisms and back again |
| nitrogen fixation (p.461) | the process of changing nitrogen gas into nitrate, the form of nitrogen that plants can use |
| succession (p.462) | the gradual regrowth or development of a community of organisms over time |
| primary succession (p.463) | succession that takes place in an area that did not previously have any plants or other organisms, no soil present,usually just bare rock |
| secondary succession (p.464) | succession that occurs after an existing community is destroyed by a natural disaster or human neglect- there is soil left intact |
| pioneer species (p.463) | the first organisms to grow in an area undergoing ecological succession;usually lichens in primary and fast-growing,weedy plants in secondary |
| water cycle (p.458) | the movement of water between the ocean,atmosphere,land,and living things |
| runoff (p.458) | water that has not soaked into the ground and flows down from a higher elevation |
| legumes | plants with special nitrogen fixing bacteria living on their roots (peanuts, soybeans) |
| lichen | fungi and algae living together; produces acid that crumbles rock into sand |
| grass | the pioneer species in secondary succession |
| lichen | pioneer species in primary succession |
| 100 years | length of time needed for secondary succession |
| forest fire | condition that could lead to secondary succession |
| 1000+ years | length of time needed for primary succession |
| earthquake or volcanic eruption | condition that could lead to primary succession |
