| A | B |
|---|
| amputation | sugrical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity |
| avulsion | flap of skin or other soft tissue torn loose or pulled off completely |
| bandage | any material used to hold a dressing in place |
| closed wound | internal injury in which there is no open pathway from the outside to the injured site |
| contusion | a bruise |
| crush injury | injury casued when force is transmitted from the body's exterior to its internal structures |
| dermis | layer of teh skin below the epidermis; is is rich in blood vessels, nerves, and specialized structures such as sweat glands, sebaceous (oil) glands, and hair folicles |
| dressing | any material used to cover a wound in an effort to control bleeding and help prevent further contamination |
| epidermis | outer layer of the skin |
| evisceraton | intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen |
| full-thickness burn | burn in whcih all the layers of the sin are damaged; also called a third-degree burn |
| hematoma | swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel |
| laceration | cut that can be smooth or jagged |
| occlusive dressing | any dressing that forms an airtight seal |
| open wound | injury in which the skin is interrupted or broken, exposing the tissue underneath |
| partial-thickness burn | burn in which the epidermis is burned through and the dermis is damages; also called a second-degree burn |
| puncture wound | open wound caused by a sharp, pointed object that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues |
| rule of nines | method for estimating the extent of a burn area in which areas of the body are assigned certain percentages of the body's total surface area |
| rule of palm | method of estimating the extent of a burn area; the palm of the patient's hand, which equals about 1% of teh body's surface area, is compared with the patient's burn to estimate its size |
| subcutaneous layers | layers of fat and soft tissues below the dermis |
| sucking chest wound | open chest wound in which air is "sucked" into the chest cavity |
| superficial burn | burn that involves only the epidermis, the outher layer of the skin; also called first-degree burn |
| universal dressing | large bulky dressing |
| bones | hard but flexible living structures that provide support for the body and protection for vital organs |
| cartilage | connective tissue that covers the outside of the bone ends and acts as a surface for articulation allowing for smooth movement at joints |
| closed extermity injury | injury to an extermity in which the skin is not broken |
| crepitus | grating sensation or sound caused when broken bone ends rub together |
| dislocation | disruption or "coming apart" of a joint |
| extermities | portion of teh skeleton that includes the clavicles, scapulae, arms, wrists, ahnds, pelvis, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet |
| fracture | any break in a bone |
| joints | places where bones articulate, or meet |
| ligaments | connective tissue that supports joints by attaching the bone ends and allowing for a stable range of motion |
| manual traction | process of applying tension to straighten and realigh a fractured limb fefore splinting |
| open extremity injury | extermity injury in which the skin has been broken or torn through from the inside by an injured bone or from the outside by something that has caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone |
| sprain | stretching and tearing of ligaments |
| strain | muscle injury caused by overstretching or overexertion of the muscle |
| tendons | bands of connective tissue that bind muscles to bones |
| traction splint | special splint that applies constant pull along the length of the leg to help stabilize the fractured bone and reduce muscle spasms |
| autonomic nervous system | nervous system that consists of nerves that control involuntary functions such as heartbeat and breathing |
| central nervouse system | brain and spinal cord |
| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord |
| concussion | mild closed head injury without detectable damage to the brain |
| contusion | bruised brain caused when the force of a blow is great enough to rupture blood vessels |
| cranium | body structure making up the forehead, top, back, and upper sides of the skull |
| malar | cheek bone, also called the zygomatic bone |
| nasal bone | bones that form the upper third, or bridge of the nose |
| nervous system | body system that is divided into two subsystems and that provides overall control of thought, sensation, and the voluntary and involuntary motor functions of the body (The major components of the nervous system are the brain and spinal cord). |
| orbits | bony structures, or sockets around the eyes |
| peripheral nervous system | pairs of nerves that enter and exit the spinal cord between the certebrae, twelve pairs of cranial nerves that travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord, and all of the body's other motor and sensory nerves |
| spinous process | bony bump on the vertebra that you can feel on a person's back |
| temporal bones | bones that form part of the side of the skull and floor of teh cranial cavity |
| temporomandibular joint | movable joint formed between the mandible and the temporal bones, also called the aTM joint |
| vertebrae | bones of the spinal column |
