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| Mass | The measured quantity of energy contained in a substance is defined as: |
| Matter | A substance that occupies space and has mass is defined as: |
| Density | __________ is a measure of the mass per unit volume of a substance. |
| Diffusion | A random movement of molecules from an area of relatively high partial pressure or concentration to one of a lower partial pressure ore concentration is known as: |
| Force | Any influence that can cause a substance to be accelerated is defined as: |
| Solids | Which basic state of matter has a definite shape and volume? |
| Gases | Which basic state of matter lacks specific shape and volume and assumes the shape of its container? |
| Potential energy and kinetic energy | The two primary forms of internal energy are: |
| Increase | A/An ___________ in kinetic energy (temperature) will cause a substance to exist as a liquid or a gas. |
| Potential | Most of the internal energy in solids and liquids are in the form of __________ energy. |
| 4 grams | A mass weighing 24 grams and measuring 6 cc would have a density of __________ per cc (g/cc). |
| Critical temperature | The highest temperature, at which a substance can exist as a liquid regardless of the amount of pressure applied to it, is the __________. |
| Centigrade | The __________ temperature scale assigns the number “0” to the temperature when water freezes. |
| o F = 102.2 | Convert 39 degrees Centigrade to degrees Fahrenheit. |
| o K = 315.2 | Convert 42.2 degrees Centigrade to degrees Kelvin. |
| Pressure | The state of an ideal gas is specified by measuring the __________, volume, and the absolute temperature of the gas. |
| V2 = 3.31 Liters | Using the “Ideal Gas Law”, calculate the new volume (V2) of 8 Liters (V1) of gas existing at 325o K (T1) and 630 mmHg (P1) when heated to 375o K (T2) subjected to 1755 mmHg (P2) pressure. |
| Ideal Gas Law | __________ states that theoretically, gases are made of hard, sphere-shaped molecules, moving randomly at very high speeds, interacting with each other only by collisions. |
| 10 | (Boyle’s Law Formula: P1V1 = P2V2): Given a mass of gas occupying a volume of one liter with a pressure of 150 mmHg, what will the volume be if the pressure is decreased to 15 mmHg? |
| Gay-Lussac’s Law | _________ states that when volume remains constant, gas pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of a gas. |
| P2 = 1311.6 psig | A cylinder of oxygen is stored outside at a temperature of 45 degrees Fahrenheit and has a cylinder pressure of 1250 psig. What will the cylinder pressure be if the cylinder is brought into the hospital which has a temperature of 21 degrees Centigrade? Use formula for Gay-Lussac’s Law. |
| dissolved | In accordance with D. Henry’s Law, when gas is exposed to a liquid, the gas molecules enter the liquid and become ________. |
| membrane | Graham’s Law describes the diffusion of gas through a ________. |
| Flow rate | ________ is the volume of fluid passing a single point per unit of time. |
| Velocity | ________ is the speed of an object with its associated direction at a given instant of time. |
| Laminar Flow | Gas flow that is characterized by the fact that gas particles follow a smooth path is know as: |
| Turbulent | ________ flow exhibits a rough, tumbling pattern that proceeds with a blunt front. |
| increases | Turbulent flow ________ in diseased airways where abrupt narrowing results, i.e., mucosal edema, secretions, etc. |
| the total energy at any given point in a fluid stream must be the same everywhere throughout the tube. | The first Law of Thermodynamics states that: |
| Kinetic energy | The energy of motion is known as: |
| Potential energy | The energy of position describes which term? |
| Partial pressure | __________ is the pressure exerted by individual molecules in a substance. |
| Pressure | __________ is the ratio of the amount of force per area over which the force is distributed. |
| Weight | __________ is the force of gravitational attraction on a substance as observed on the rotating earth. |
| Liquids | Which basic state of matter has a definite volume but has no definite shape? |
| decrease | A/An __________ in kinetic energy (temperature) will cause a substance to exist as a solid. |
| Mass | The weight of an object is the force of gravitational attraction acting upon that object. It is proportional to __________. |
| Diffusion | __________ is the movement of molecules (such as a gas) from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| Boiling point | The point at which a liquid changes into gas at atmospheric pressure is known as: |
| Fahrenheit | The __________ temperature scale assigns the number “212” to the temperature where water boils. |
| Solvent | Any substance that dissolves another substance is call a: |
| o C = 36.1 | Convert 97 degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius. |
| mass | As a description, a __________ may be thought of as any influence which tends to change the state of motion of an object. |
| Osmosis | __________ can be defined as the diffusion of a solvent through a semi permeable membrane separating two solutions. |
| Boyle’s Law | Which gas law describes the behavior of gases under conditions of constant temperature? |
| Charles’ Law | Which gas law states that if pressure remains constant, volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature? |
| solubility coefficient | In accordance with D. Henry’s Law, the amount of gas that can be dissolved by 1 ml of a given liquid is called its ____________ and varies inversely with the temperature. |
| it must occur in both directions. | In accordance with Graham’s Law, in order for gas molecules to diffuse across the AC membrane: |
| Viscosity | ________ is the force opposing a fluid’s flow or its internal friction. |
| Transitional | The type of gas flow that occurs in the pulmonary gas passageways is the: |
