| A | B |
|---|
| Aden/o | Gland |
| Adenoma | Tumor of a gland |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | Reacts with receptor sites in the cortex of the adrenal gland to stimulate the secretion of cortical hormones, particularly cortisol. |
| Cretinism | Condition caused by congenital deficiency of thyroid secretion and marked by arrested physical and mental development. |
| Diabetes Insipidus | A disorder associated with a deficiency of antidiurectic hormone (ADH), one hormone produced by the pituitary gland, or inability of the kidneys to respond to ADH. |
| Dwarfism | Diseased caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood; it causes a person to be much smaller than niormal size. |
| Endocrine gland | Ductless glands tht secrete their hormones into the bloodstream. |
| Estrogen | Steroid hormone that promotes development and maintenance of female charateristics of body. |
| Exocrine gland | Gland that secretes its product to a surface or cavity through ducts; opposite of the endocrine gland. |
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | Gonadotropic hormone that stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles and eggs in females and the production of sperm in males. It works in conjuction with the Luteinizing Hormone (LH). |
| Glucagon | a protein hormone that is produced especially by the islets of Langerhans and that promotes an increase in the sugar content of the blood by increasing the rate of glycogen breakdown in the liver |
| Growth hormone | Stimulates the growth of bones, muscles and other organs by promoting protein synthesis. |
| Hormone | The secretory products of endocrine glands. |
| Hypersecretion | Excessive hormone production |
| Insulin | Regulation of blood glucose by coordinating with other hormones. |
| Melatonin | A hormone that is produced by the pineal gland and is intimately involved in regulating the sleeping and waking cycles, among other processes. |
| Myxedema | A life - threatening condition that results from long - term, untreated hypothyroidism |
| Norepinephrine | Norepinephrine is a chemical released from the sympathetic nervous system in response to stress. It is classified as a neurotransmitter, a chemical that is released from neurons. Because the release of norepinephrine affects other organs of the body, it is also referred to as a stress hormonem is also a vasoconstrictor. |
| Pancreas | Elongated gland, 6 to 9 inches in length. It secretes pancreatic juice into the small intestine. It also has cells that secrete the hormones insulin and glucagon, which lower and raise glucose levels in the blood. |
| -physis | Growth |
| Polydipsia | Increased thirst |
| Progesterone | A hormone secreted by the ovaries that causes the uterine lining to thicken in preparation for pregnancy and then maintains pregnancy. |
| Target tissue | A tissue (cells) that responds to a particular hormone because it has receptor sites for that hormone. |
| Thyroid scan | Test in which radioactive element is administered that localizes in the thyroid gland. The gland can then be visualized with a scanning device to detect pathology such as tumors. |
| Antidiuretic hormone | Promotes the reabsorption of water by the kidney tubules, with the result that less water is lost as urine. Suppression of urine formation. |
| Adenectomy | The surgical removal of any gland. |
| Adrenalectomy | surgical removal of an adrenal gland. |
| Androgens | (major androgen is testosterone) Development and maintenance of masculinizing characteristics |
| Cortisone | Important in regulation of body metabolism |
| -crine | To secrete |
| Diabetes mellitus | The well-known type of diabetes that produces hyperglycemia and is associated with insufficient or improper use of insulin. |
| End-, endo | Inside |
| Epinephrine | Also known as adrenaline. A substance produced by the medulla inside of the adrenal gland |
| Ex-, Exo- | out, without, away from |
| Exophthalmos | Protrusion of the eyeballs |
| Gigantism | Condition in which a person reaches an abnormal stature; it results from hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood. |
| Goiter | An enlarged thyroid gland that is usually evident as a pronounced swelling in the neck. |
| Hormon/o | Hormone |
| Hormone | The secretory products of the endocrine gland |
| Hypersection | Excessive hormone production |
| Hypo- | Beneath or below normal |
| Luteinizing Hormone | Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland tht stimulate ovulation in females and synthesis of androgen in males |
| Myx/o | Mucus |
| Nrv/o, Neur/o | Nerve |
| Oxytocin | Causes contraction of the smooth muscle in the wall of the uterus. It also stimulates the ejection of milk from the lactating breast. |
| Parathyroid gland | A gland that regulates calcium, located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. The parathyroid gland secretes a hormone called parathormone (or parathyrin) that is critical to calcium and phosphorus metabolism. |
| Pineal gland | A small gland that is located near the center of the brain. This gland secretes melatonin. |
| Polyuria | Frequent urintion |
| Prolactin | Hormone produced by pituitary gland in the brain |
| Thymosin | Hormone secreted by thymus and controls maturation T cells |
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) | Hormones secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland and stimulates thyroid gland. |
