| A | B |
|---|
| stress | the forces that push and pull on the Earth's crust, causing its deformation |
| deformation | in geology, any change in the original shape or volume of rocks |
| compression | the type of stress that squeezes rocks together |
| tension | the type of stress that pulls rocks apart |
| shearing | the type of stress that pushes rocks of the crust in two opposite horizontal directions |
| fracture | a break or crack |
| hanging wall | the block of rock above a fault |
| foot wall | the block of rock below a fault |
| fault | a break or crack along which rocks move |
| normal fault | a fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the foot wall |
| reverse fault | a fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall |
| thrust fault | a reverse fault in which the hanging wall slides over the foot wall |
| lateral fault | a fault along which the blocks move horizontally past each other |
| crust | the surface, or outermost, layer of the Earth |
