| A | B |
|---|
| Geology | the study of people and locations and how they relate |
| crust | the outermost part of the earth; liquid |
| core | the inner most part of the earth; solid partly liquid |
| mantle | the middle part of the earth; with magma bubbles |
| continents | seven large landforms on the earth |
| continental drift theory | pangea drifted apart; fossils found on far apart continents |
| sea floor spreading | that as time passes the earth makes more crust |
| convection | hot air rises, moves plates away from hot zone, then cools and falls |
| spreading | when plates pull apart from each other; earthquakes and volcanoes form |
| subduction | when oceanic and continental plate crash; O is heavier so pushes up C plate |
| converging | 2 plates of same type collide; if both are C the push up form mtns. if both are O then one pushes up islands form |
| faulting | when plates slide or grind past each other |
| island | a piece of land completely surrounded by water |
| plate tectonics | earths outer shell is not one solid piece of rock |
| pangea | supercontinent; all continents were once joined as one large landmass |
| archipelago | a string of islands |
| penninsula | a piece of land surrounded on three sides by water |
| % of water on earth | more than 70% |
| Isthmus | a narrow strip of land having water on each side and joining two larger bodies |
| Delta | a deposit of soil, usually triangular, formed at the mouth of some rivers |
| Lake | a large inland body of water |
| Magma | molten rock deep in the earth |
| Faults | fractures or breaks in the earth's crust |
| 4 major types of landforms | mountains, hills, plateaus, and plains |
| Gulf | a large area of ocean partially enclosed by land |
| Butte | a steep hill standing alone in a plain |
| Lava | magma, or molten rock from the earth's mantle, that breaks through the surface of the earth during volcanic activity |
| Relief | the differences in elevation, or height, of the landforms in any particular area |
| Strait | a narrow water way connecting two large bodies of water |
| Volcano | mountains formed by volcanic rock |
| Canyon | a long narrow valley between high cliffs, often containing a stream |
| Volcanism | volcanic action or phenomena |
| Fold | a bend or buckle in the earth's crust |
| Rift Valley | a large split along the crest of an underwater mountain system where small earthquakes and volcanic eruptions frequency occur |
| Ring of Fire | a ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the rim of the Pacific Ocean |
