| A | B |
| aqueducts | water-carrying systems |
| census | a population count |
| dictator | a person who has total control of a government |
| legions | units of an army |
| patricians | nobles |
| plebeians | common people |
| republic | a form of government led by elected officials |
| tribunes | officials elected to protect the rights of the commoners; could veto Senate decisions |
| veto | "I forbid" in Latin |
| Pax Romana | "The Peace of Rome" |
| Latins | one of the many groups in Italy |
| Twelve Tables | The engraved broze tablets that contained the first roman code of law |
| Romance languages | The languages that developed from Latin |
| concrete | a hard substance used as a building material |
| Etruscans | lived near central Italy |