| A | B |
|---|
| diffusion | movement from high concentration to low concentration |
| concentration gradient | a difference in concentration-diffusion occurs down this gradient |
| facilitated diffusion | diffusion into the cell, made easier by transport proteins |
| osmosis | diffusion of water across a membrane |
| hypertonic solution | has higher concentration of dissolved substance than cell |
| hypotonic solution | has lower concentration of dissolved substance than cell |
| isotonic solution | has same concentration of dissolved substance as cell |
| passive transport | movement through cell membrane that does not require energy |
| active transport | movement that requires energy-can be from low to high concentration |
| transport proteins | proteins in cell membrane involved in facilitated diffusion and active transport |
| endocytosis | cell membrane changes shape to bring substances into cell |
| exocytosis | substances are brought out of the cell |
| pinocytosis | endocytosis of small amounts of liquid |
| phagocytosis | endocytosis of solids |
| prokaryotic cell | cell that lacks separate organelles |
| eukaryotic cell | cell containing organelles |
| organelle | membrane-bound structure inside the cell |
| lipid bilayer | part of cell membrane |
| selectively permeable | allows some substances to pass through, while others do not |
