| A | B |
|---|
| caldera | a large circular depression or basin at the top of a volcano |
| cinder- cone volcano | a kind of volcano usally small and steep sloped that is formed from layers of cinders which are sticky bits of volcanic material |
| composite- cone volcano | a kind of volcano formed when explosive eruptions of sticky lava alternate with quieter eruptions of volcanic rock bits |
| hot spot | a place deep within Earth's mantle that is extremely hot and contains a chamber of magma |
| island arc | a chain of volcanos formed from magma that rises as a result of an oceanic plate sinking into the mantle |
| lava | magma that flows out onto Earth's surface from a volcano |
| magma | the hot molten rock deep inside Earth |
| rifting | the process by which magma rises to fill the gap between two plates that are moving apart |
| seismometer | an instrument that detects and records Earth's movements |
| shield volcano | a kind of volcano that is large and gently sloped and that is formed when lava flows quietly from a crack in the Earth's crust |
| volcano | an opening in Earth's crust through which hot gasses, rock fragments and molten rock erupt |
| Mt. Vesuvius | a composite-cone volcano that erupted in A.D. 79 |
| Mt.Fuji | a composite volcano that is in Japan |
| Mt.Stromboli | a very active cinder-cone volcano in Italy |
| Paracutin | a cinder-cone volcano in Mexico which is dormant |
| dormant | vplcanoes that haven't erupted in a while, but still could |
| extinct | volcanoes that have not erupted in recorded history |
| intermittent | volcanoes that are actice and erupt on a regular basis |
| Mauna Loa | a shield volcano in Hawaii |
| Surtsey | a young volcano of the coast of Iceland |
