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Beginnings and Endings of Medical Terminology
Medical related stems, subfixes and prefixes
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| A | B |
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| acanth | spine, prickle |
| aceto | vinegar |
| acou | hear |
| acro | extremity, tip, sharp |
| actin | actin |
| acu | sharp, abrupt, sudden |
| adeno | gland |
| adipo | fat |
| aero | air |
| (a)esth | perception |
| agogue | leader |
| agon | contest, struggle |
| ala | wing |
| alb | white |
| algo | pain |
| alien | stranger, strange |
| allelo | one another, mutual |
| amauros | blind |
| am(o)eb | constantly changing |
| ambi/amph | both sides |
| ambly | dim, faint |
| amnio | amnion, "bowl" |
| amylo | starch |
| andro | male |
| angio | vessel (blood, bile) |
| ankyl | bent, crooked; a joint locked |
| annulus | little ring |
| anser | goose |
| anthem | flower |
| anthrac | black |
| anthro | man / human |
| aort | aorta |
| aphro | froth, sexual love |
| aqu | water |
| arachn | spider, spiderweb |
| archo | ancient, beginning |
| argy | silver, shiny |
| artero | artery (as opposed to vein) |
| arthro | joint |
| artic | little joint |
| asthm | panting, short breaths |
| athero | gruel |
| atri | entry chamber |
| axilla | armpit |
| axo | center, axis |
| aud | hear |
| aur | hear |
| aus | hear |
| auto | self |
| aux | make grow |
| azo | nitrogen |
| bac(t) | rod |
| ball | throw |
| balano | acorn, glans |
| blast | sprout |
| blenno | snot |
| bleph | eyelid |
| bol | throw |
| brachi | arm |
| brady | slow |
| branch | gill |
| bronch | bronchus |
| bucc | cheek (inside) |
| burs | purse |
| caes | cut deep |
| c(h)ord | notochord |
| c(o)ele | rupture |
| carpo | wrist |
| calci | limestone |
| calco | heel, spur |
| calyc | cup |
| campy | bend |
| canc | crab |
| capo | head, expanded part |
| centr | center |
| carbo | charcoal, carbon |
| carcin | crab |
| carcinoma | cancer from epithelium |
| card | heart, heart-shape |
| carot | great neck arteries |
| caus | burn |
| centesis | puncture |
| cep(h) | head, expanded part |
| cephal | head |
| cept | seize, take |
| cereb(r) | brain |
| cervic | neck |
| ch(e)ir | hand |
| chemo | chemistry |
| chlor | light green |
| chol(e) | bile |
| chondr | cartilage; grain |
| chorea | dance |
| chori | chorionic membrane |
| chrom | color |
| chron | time, long time |
| chyle | digested food juice |
| cide | killing, "falling" |
| cise | cut deep |
| cili | eyelash |
| cion | uvula |
| clast | break |
| claustr | barrier |
| cleido | collarbone, key |
| clino | bed |
| clivus | slope |
| coagul | coagulate, clot |
| coccus | berry |
| coccyx | cuckoo, cuckoo bill |
| collic | hill |
| collo | glue |
| collus | neck |
| conios | dust |
| cond | hard knob |
| core | dolly, pupil (of eye) |
| cori | leather |
| corn | horn |
| cox(a) | hip |
| corp | physical body |
| cre(s)c | grow |
| cribi | sieve |
| crine | secretion ("separation") |
| cubit | elbow |
| cubo | lay down |
| cule | cule little |
| culpo | vagina |
| cuneo | wedge |
| cutis | skin |
| cyan | dark blue |
| cycl | circle, wheel |
| cysto | urinary bladder |
| cyto | cell |
| dacr | tear (from the eye) |
| dacty | finger |
| demos | people |
| dens | tooth |
| dent | tooth |
| derm | skin |
| desm | harden, bind together |
| desis | binding |
| desmo | hard |
| dextro | right-sided |
| diadocho | succeed, take over |
| didym | twin |
| digi(t) | finger, toe |
| diphth | leathery membrane |
| docho | cup, container |
| drepan | sickle |
| dromo | running a race; course |
| duc | duct lead, guide |
| dynia | pain |
| echin | spiny |
| echo | echo |
| ectasia | dilatation |
| edem(a) | excess tissue fluid |
| embol | bottle stopper |
| embryo | embryo, fetus |
| em(ia) | blood |
| enceph | brain |
| enchyme | filling, installation |
| entero | intestine |
| ergo | work |
| erythro | red |
| esthesia | perception |
| f(a)eco | feces, refuse |
| fac | make, build, do, perform |
| facie | face, countenance, looks |
| fasc | bundle, fascia |
| fec | make, build, do, perform |
| fer | carrying, bearing |
| fibr | fibrous |
| fic | make, build, do, perform |
| fis | fid split, cleave, divide |
| flagel | whip |
| flav | yellow |
| flat | blow |
| flect | bend |
| flex | bend |
| fora/foro | make a hole |
| fornic | arch |
| fract | break into pieces |
| frag | break into pieces |
| fring | break into pieces |
| fuge | flee |
| fun | melt, pour |
| fus | melt, pour |
| gala(k) | milk |
| gam(y) | marry |
| gangl | knot |
| gangr | gangrene, gnawing sore |
| galact | milk |
| gastr | stomach, belly |
| gemin | twin |
| gen | become, beget, produce |
| genesis | origin |
| genu | knee |
| ger | old age |
| gest | bring forth, produce |
| glans | acorn |
| gleno | shoulder |
| gli(o) | glial cells, literally "glue" |
| glob | sphere, ball, round body |
| glomer | tuft |
| gloss | tongue |
| glute | buttocks |
| gnatho | jaw |
| gnosis | know |
| gogue | lead |
| gono | offspring, product, seed, semen |
| gonio | angle |
| gracile | slender |
| gram | record |
| gran | grain |
| graph | writing, scratching |
| gryph | claw |
| gynec | female |
| (h)(a)em | blood |
| habeo | to hold, habit, general state of |
| halluc | big toe |
| helic | spiral |
| helm | worm |
| hermaphro | male and female in one body |
| hepat | liver |
| hernia | rupture, hernia |
| hidr | sweat |
| hippo | horse |
| histo | tissue, web, cloth |
| hy(a)l | glass, primitive material |
| hydatid | water drop |
| hydro | water |
| hypno | sleep |
| hystero | uterus |
| iatric | healing |
| iatro | physician |
| ichth | fish |
| idio | self, personal, private |
| inguin | part of body from groin to hip |
| insul | island |
| irid | rainbow, bright-color circle |
| ischi | hip joint |
| islet | island |
| ject | throw, hurl |
| jejun | hungry |
| junc | join together |
| jug | join together |
| jux | join together |
| kera | horny |
| kerato | skin surface, cornea, horn |
| kine | set in motion |
| kyn | dog |
| lachry | tear (from the eye) |
| labio | lip |
| lacto | milk |
| lal | babble, talk |
| latero | side |
| lecith | egg yolk |
| leiomyo | smooth muscle |
| lein | spleen |
| lens | lentil |
| lepros | rough and rotting off |
| lepto | thin, fine, slender |
| leuco | white |
| levo | left-sided |
| liga(t) | bind together, bandage |
| ling | tongue |
| lith | stone |
| lumbo | lower back, loin |
| lumbri | earthworm |
| lumen | the tube down a hollow organ |
| lysis | breaking down |
| malar | cheek (outside) |
| mal(i) | abnormal, bad |
| malacia | soft |
| malako | soft |
| medi | middle portion |
| medulla | soft inner part |
| meli | sweet |
| melleo | hammer |
| mere | part |
| manu | hand |
| mara | wither |
| mast(i) | whip, flog, beat |
| mast(o) | breast |
| mea | passage |
| meatus | external opening |
| meios | lessening |
| melano | black |
| melia | limb |
| mening | meninges |
| men(i)s | moon, month |
| ment | mind, chin |
| meter | measure |
| metro | uterus |
| mito | thread |
| mnem | memory |
| mnes | memory |
| mob | move |
| morb | sick |
| morph | shapes, dreams |
| mot | move |
| mur(al) | wall |
| musc | mouse, muscle |
| myc(o) | fungus |
| myelo | soft, pith |
| myi | fly (insect) |
| myo | muscle |
| muco | slime |
| myxo | slime |
| narco | sleep |
| naso | nose |
| necro | dead |
| nephelo | cloud |
| nephr | kidney |
| nerv | nerve |
| neuro | nerve |
| nos | nasty, sickening |
| nox | nasty, sickening |
| nous | mind, spirit |
| nyct | night |
| occiput | back of the head |
| ocul | eye |
| (h)odo | way, path, road |
| odon | tooth |
| odyn | pain |
| olfact | smell |
| oma | tumor, lump |
| omen(t) | omentum |
| omphalo | belly button |
| on(e/t) | to be |
| onco | tumor, mass |
| onycho | nail (finger/toe) |
| o” | egg |
| o”phor | ovary |
| op | eye, see, etc. |
| ophth | eye |
| opio | poppy juice |
| opsi | late |
| opson | relish, meat seasoning |
| orbi | wheel |
| orch | testis |
| org | work |
| oro | mouth |
| ortho | straight |
| os | bone, mouth |
| osm | smell |
| ost(eo) | bone |
| ot(o) | ear |
| ovin | sheep |
| oxy | oxygen, acid |
| p(a)ed | child |
| palpebr | eyelid |
| pap | nipple |
| par(i)t | have a baby |
| parietal | wall |
| partheno | virgin |
| partum | birth |
| patho | disease, misery |
| pect | chest |
| pelvis | basin |
| pes | foot |
| ped | foot |
| phage | eat |
| phakos | lentil, lens of the eye |
| pharmako | sorcery, poison, drug |
| phase | phase |
| pheo | ugly, dusky |
| phero | carry, bear |
| philo | like, love |
| phlebo | vein |
| phleg | flame |
| phoco | seal (the animal) |
| phoro | carry, bear |
| phos | light |
| phot | light |
| phragm | divide into two, wall off |
| phren | mind, breath |
| phth | waste away, wither |
| phyllo | leaf-like |
| physio | nature |
| phyte | a plant |
| pineo | pine cone |
| pinna | feather |
| pino | drink |
| pisi | pea |
| pituit | snot |
| placent | cake, placenta |
| plak | cake |
| plantar | sole of the foot |
| plasm | molded |
| plast | molded |
| platy | flat |
| plegia | stroke, paralysis |
| pleur | pleura ("side of ribs") |
| plex | braid, wind together |
| plexy | stroke |
| plic | braid, wind together |
| pn(e) | breath |
| pod(o) | foot |
| poie(sis) | making |
| polio | gray; gray matter of the nervous system |
| pollic | thumb |
| pomp | precede, parade |
| porph | purple |
| porta | door |
| posthe | foreskin |
| prac | done |
| prag | done |
| prax | done |
| pre | before |
| pro | before |
| procto | rectum |
| pron(o) | prone, face down |
| proto | first |
| pseud | false |
| psyche | spirit, mind |
| psychr | cold, frigid |
| pter | wing |
| pto | droop |
| pty(alo) | spit |
| pulmo | lung |
| punct | prick, little spot |
| pupa | doll, miniature figure |
| purp | purple |
| pyelo | vat, basin, pelvis |
| pykno | shrivelled |
| pyo | pus |
| p(u/y)ri | pear |
| pyr(o) | fever (cognate to "fire") |
| radi | rod |
| r(h)ach | backbone |
| re(i)n | kidney |
| ret(ic) | net |
| rhabdo | striated muscle |
| rhaph | sew together |
| rheo | flow |
| rheum | runny stuff |
| rhino | nose |
| riso | smile |
| rrha(g) | discharge from a burst vessel |
| rub(r) | red |
| sacc | sack |
| sacch(ar) | sugar |
| salpinx | trumpet, oviduct |
| sang(ui) | blood |
| sapro | dead |
| sarc(o) | flesh |
| sarcoma | cancer from connective tissue or muscle |
| scato | feces, filth |
| scapho | boat |
| schi(s/z) | split |
| sclero | hard |
| scope | examine carefully |
| sebo | hard fat, skin grease, suet |
| sec | cut |
| seg | cut |
| sella | saddle |
| seps | make rotten |
| sept | make rotten |
| septo | fence, partition |
| sero | whey, wet protein |
| sial | saliva |
| sinus | hollow or pocket |
| skel | dried up, skeleton |
| soma | body |
| somy | body |
| spasmo | a drawing tight |
| spondylo | spine |
| sphinct | bind tight, squeeze shut |
| sphygno | heartbeat |
| spir | breathing |
| splanchn | innards |
| staphyl | bunch of grapes |
| stasis | standing up, being stable |
| stat | stop |
| statio | standing up, being stable |
| staxis | drip, drop |
| stem | standing up, being stable |
| steato | fat |
| sterco | feces |
| sthen | strength |
| stigm | spot |
| stole | to pull, to draw |
| stom(a) | mouth |
| stomy | mouth |
| strepto | wavy |
| stylo | stylus |
| sudo | sweat |
| sulco | plowed furrow |
| syring | pipe, tube, reed |
| tachy | fast, swift |
| tact | touch |
| tainia | band, tapeworm |
| talo | ankle |
| tasis | stretch |
| tarso | flat plate |
| taxo | arrangement, put in order |
| telo | the tip, the end |
| temporal | temple |
| ten(d)o | stretch, tendon |
| terato | monster |
| theca | box (sheath, covering) |
| thel | breast, covering layer |
| thenar | palm, sole |
| thym | mind, spirit, mood |
| thym | warty mass, thymus gland |
| thyro | oblong shield |
| toco | have a baby |
| tom(e) | cut |
| tono | stretch |
| topo | place |
| tort | twist |
| tox(o) | bow, arrow, poisoned arrow |
| trema | hole |
| tricho | hair |
| trophy | grow/food |
| tryps | break into many pieces, crush |
| tuber | bump, potato(e) |
| typho | smoky, delirious fever |
| typhl | cecum |
| unguis | nail (finger, toe) |
| uro | urine |
| uvo | egg |
| vacc | cow |
| vago | wanderer |
| valgus | turned outward |
| varus | turned inward |
| vaso | blood vessel |
| velo | veil, curtain, cover |
| vener | sexual acts, lusty |
| veno | vein (as opposed to artery) |
| vert | turn |
| vesico | bladder |
| viscero | innards |
| volv | turn around, twist around |
| xantho | yellow |
| xeno | stranger |
| xero | dry |
| z(a)o | to live |
| zo” | animals |
| zema | boiled |
| zygo | yoke |
| zyme | ferment |
| Prefixes a(d) | towards |
| a(n)- | without |
| ab- | from |
| ab(s)- | away from |
| ad- | towards |
| allo- | other, another |
| ambi- | both |
| amphi- | on both sides, around |
| ana- | up to, back, again, movement from |
| aniso- | different, unequal |
| ante- | before, forwards |
| anti- | against, opposite |
| ap-, apo- | from, back, again |
| bi(s)- | twice, double |
| bio- | life |
| brachy- | short |
| cata- | down |
| circum- | around |
| con- | together |
| contra- | against |
| cyte- | cell |
| de- | from, away from, down from |
| deca- | ten |
| di(s)- | two |
| di(a)s- | separation |
| diplo- | double |
| dolicho- | long |
| dur- | hard, firm |
| dys- | bad, abnormal |
| e-, ec- | out, from out of |
| ecto- | outside, external |
| ek- | out |
| em- | in |
| en- | into |
| endo- | into |
| ent- | within |
| epi- | on, up, against, high |
| eso- | I will carry |
| eu- | well, abundant, prosperous |
| eury- | broad, wide |
| ex-, exo- | out, from out of |
| extra- | outside, beyond, in addition |
| haplo- | single |
| hapto- | bind to |
| hemi- | half |
| hept- | seven |
| hetero- | different |
| hex- | six |
| homo- | same |
| hyper- | above, excessive |
| hypo- | below, deficient |
| im- | in- not |
| in- | into, to |
| infra- | below, underneath |
| inter- | among, between |
| intra- | within, inside, during |
| intro- | inward, during |
| iso- | equal,same |
| juxta- | adjacent to |
| kata- | down, down from |
| macro- | large |
| magno- | large |
| medi- | middle |
| mega- | large |
| megalo- | very large |
| meso- | middle |
| meta- | beyond, between |
| micro- | small |
| neo- | new |
| non- | not |
| ob- | before, against |
| octa- | eight |
| octo- | eight |
| oligo- | few |
| pachy- | thick |
| pan- | all |
| para- | beside, to the side of, wrong |
| pent- | five |
| per- | by, through, throughout |
| peri- | around, round-about |
| pleo- | more than usual |
| poly- | many |
| post- | behind, after |
| pre- | before, in front, very |
| pros- | besides |
| prox- | besides |
| pseudo- | false, fake |
| quar(r)- | four |
| re-, red- | back, again |
| retro- | backwards, behind |
| semi- | half |
| sex- | six |
| sept- | seven |
| sub- | under, beneath |
| super- | above, in addition, over |
| supra- | above, on the upper side |
| syn- | together, with |
| sys- | together, with |
| tetra- | four |
| thio- | sulfur |
| trans- | across, beyond |
| tri- | three |
| uni- | one |
| ultra- | beyond, besides, over |
| -ase | fermenter |
| -ate | do |
| -cide | killer |
| -c(o)ele | cavity, hollow |
| -ectomy | removal of, cut out |
| -form | shaped like |
| -ia | got |
| -iasis | full of |
| -ile | little version |
| -illa | little version |
| -illus | little version |
| -in | stuff |
| -ism | theory, characteristic of |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -ity | makes a noun of quality |
| -ium | thing |
| -ize | do |
| -logy | study of, reasoning about |
| -megaly | large |
| -noid | mind, spirit |
| -oid | resembling, image of |
| -ogen | precursor |
| -ol(e) | alcohol |
| -ole | little version |
| -oma | tumor (usually) |
| -osis | full of |
| -ostomy | "mouth-cut" |
| -pathy | disease of, suffering |
| -penia | lack |
| -pexy | fix in place |
| -plasty | re-shaping |
| -philia | affection for |
| -rhage | burst out |
| -rhea | discharge, flowing out |
| -rhexis | shredding |
| -pagus | Siamese twins |
| -sis | idea (makes a noun, typically abstract) |
| -thrix | hair |
| -tomy | cut |
| -ule | little version |
| -um | thing (makes a noun, typically concrete) |
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