| A | B |
|---|
| coevolution | back and forth evolutionary adjustments between interacting members of an ecosystem |
| predation | when one organism feeds on another |
| parasitism | when organism feeds on and usually lives in or on another organism |
| secondary compounds | defensive chemicals (poisons) |
| competition | interaction between 2 species when both use the same resource |
| symbiosis | 2 or more species living together in a close long-term association |
| mutualism | symbiotic relationship when both participating species benefit |
| commensalism | one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped |
| fundamental niche | entire range of conditions |
| realized niche | what the species actually occupies |
| character displacement | increased difference when living together |
| competitive exclusion | local elimination of one competing species |
| principle of competitive exclusion | states that if 2 species are competing for a resource, the species that uses the resource more efficiently |
| plankton | diversed biological community that consists mostly of microscopic organisms |
| shallow ocean water | small area-inhabited by a large number of species-nutrients are more abundant |
| open sea surface | where plankton is found |
| deep sea water | below the depth of 300 m-organisms that live here have the ability to produce their own light |
| freshwater community | limited in area-a lot of organic and inorganic material continuously enters these bodie |
| tropical rain forest | rainfall is 200-450 cm-richest biome in terms of number of species |
| savanna | dry climates-tropical areas with low precipitation |
| deserts | fewer than 25cm of precipitation annually-water is scarce-dry climate |
| grasslands | grass inhabits this place-found in south africa and eurasia |
| deciduous forest | mild climates-plentiful rain-trees are hardwoods(oak, hickory, and beech) |
| taiga | cold, wet climate-coniferous forest-willows and birches are found here |
| tundra | covers 1/5 of the earths land surface-precipitation is low-in summer the surface is boggy because of permanent ice |
