| A | B |
|---|
| baleen | the bony plates that function to filter food from water in some whales |
| bicuspid | a tooth with two points used to shred food |
| canine | a pointed tooth used to grip and tear |
| cecum | a blind sac usually found in the digestive system |
| diaphragm | a thoracic cavity muscle used in breathing |
| echolocation | a method of navigation similar to sonar in which the sound produced bounces off an object |
| gestation period | length of pregnancy |
| incisor | the chisellike tooth used for biting and cutting |
| mammary gland | one of the milk-secreting glands of mammals |
| molar | a flattened tooth used to grind and crush |
| omnivore | an animal that eats both plants and animals |
| placenta | the organ that nourishes the unborn young of placental mammals |
| rumen | the storage chamber in the stomach of artiodactyls |
| therapsid | the reptile group from which mammals evolved |
| ungulate | a hoofed mammal |
| viviparous | referring to organisms that carry and nourish the young inside the body before birth |
| abdominal cavity | the posterior portion of the human ventral cavity |
| actin | one of the two protein filaments in a muscle cell that function in contraction |
| appendicular skeleton | in vertebrates, the bones extending from the axial skeleton |
| axial skeleton | the backbone, skull, and associated bones of vertebrates |
| bursa | a fluid-filled sac that aids lubrication in some joints |
| cardiac muscle | the involuntary muscle of the heart |
| cartilage | a strong, flexible connective tissue |
| compact bone | the layer of bone just beneath the periosteum that gives the bone its strength |
| connective tissue | the most common type of human body tissue, which supports and holds body structuress together |
| cranial cavity | the area in which the breain rests |
| dermis | the layer of skin beneath the epidermis |
| dorsal cavity | the cavity containing the organs of the nervous system |
| endoskeleton | an internal skeleton; in humans, the 206 bones that are the body framework |
| epidermis | the outer layer of skin that encloses the body in a continuous sheet |
| epiphyseal plate | a band of cartilage located between the shaft adn the end of a long bone |
| hair follicle | a structure in the skin that produces hair |
| Haversian canal | a channel containing nerves and blood vessels making up compact bone |
| insertion | the attachment point of a tendon to a moving bone |
| joint | the place where two bones meet |
| keratin | a protein substance that forms hair, and fingernails |
| ligament | a connective tissue in a joint |
| melanin | a substance that determines skin color and protects the body from overexposure to sun |
| muscle | a contractile organ consisting of many cells |
| muscle fiber | a skeletal muscle cell that runs the length of teh muscle and contains many nuclei |
| muscle tissue | the body tissue that enables movement |
| myofibril | a contracting thread in the skeletal muscle |
| myosin | the thick protein filament of a sarcomere |
| nervous tissue | a type of human body tissue that conducts electrical impulses |
| oil gland | a skin gland that secretes sebum |
| organ | several types of tissues that together perform a bodilly function |
| organ system | a group of organs that interact to perform a set of related tasks |
| origin | attachment point of a tendon to a stationary bone |
| ossification | process by which cartilage in converted to bone |
| osteocyte | a living bone cell |
| peroisteum | the tough outer membrane of a bone; the point where tendons attach muscles to bones |
| sarcomere | a dark band that runs from side to side down each myofibril |
| skeletal muscle | voluntary muscle, attached to bones by tendons, that moves parts of the body |
| thoracic cavity | the upper ventral cavity of the human body, containing teh heart, lungs, and esophagus |
| smooth muscle | an involuntary muscle |
| spinal cavity | the area that surrounds and protects the spinal cord |
| spongy bone | the lacy network of connective tissue in the center of a bone |
| striation | a dark band of skeletal muscle that functions in contracting |
| ventral cavity | the cavity containing the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
| tendon | a tough, solid band of connective tissue that supports and connects body parts |
