| A | B |
|---|
| continuous variable | wide range; infinite increments |
| discrete variable | distinct values; no decimals |
| nominal scale | label, classify, categorize |
| ordinal scale | rank-ordered; 1st, 2nd 3rd; a, b, c |
| interval scale | equal intervals between points & rank-ordered |
| ratio scale | rank-ordered, equal intervals, absolute zero |
| likert scale | strongly agree to strongly disagree |
| parametric statistics | t-test, interval or ratio scale, subjects randomly assigned, normally distributed scores, similar variances |
| nonparametric statistics | Chi square, fail to meet parametric statistics |
| null hypothesis, statistical hypothesis | no difference or no relationship between variables, Ho |
| alternative hypothesis | Ha or H1, predicts that some relationship or difference exists |
| statistically significant | probability level < 5% |
| not statistically significant | probability level > 5% |
| type I error | rejects the null hypothesis when it is true and should not be rejected |
| type II error | retains the null hypothesis when it should be rejected |
| degrees of freedom (df) | n-1, number of people in the study minus one |
