| A | B |
|---|
| Artidicial Selection | organisms selected for specific traits |
| Natural Selection | mechanism that explains how populations evolve |
| Mimiery | mimcing appearence |
| Camouflage | structual adaption - allows animals to hide |
| Homologous structure | structures w/common evolutionary origin |
| Analogous structure | similar in function w/no common evolutionary origin |
| Vestigial structure | body structure w/reduced function that may have been earlier stage of species |
| Gene pool | sum of all genes amoung a population |
| Speciation | new species is formed |
| Geographic isolation | population isolated / no mating |
| Reproductive isolation | interbreeding organisms are prevented from producing offspring |
| Gradualism | idea - species orginate gradually over time through accumulation of small adaptive changes |
| Punctuated equilibrium | of speciation occur rapidly w/long periods of no speciation in between |
| Divergent revolution | once similar species |
| Convergent evolution | related to adaptions |
| founder of modern evolutionary theory | Charles Darwin |
| Why Darwin was able to study so many different organisms | Voyage on Beagle for about 5yrs. |
| Galapagos islands and their importance | West coast of SA - suport great animal/plant diversity |
| Darwin's Book | On the Origin of species by natural selection - 1859 |
| excamples of structual adaptions | mimicry/camouflage |
| excamples of physiological adaptions | penecilian/pestasides |
| how fossils are evidence of evolution | scientists can understand general pathway of evolution |
| homologous structures are evidence of evolution | by vertabres moving into different enviroments |
| vestigial structures are evidence of of evolution | reduce function/once used by esential organisms |
| how embryological development is evidence of evolution | similarities amoung vertabrate embryos suggest evolution from common ansestor |
| genetic comparisons are evidence | DNA studies reveal whn species diversed |
| how artificial breeding is evidence of evolution | shows interperting relationships |
| mutations importance | adds new genetic material to gene pool |
| stablizing | favors average |
| directional | both at a selected average |
| disruptive | both extremes favored |
| puntuated | species occurs in rapid burst |
| gradualism | species originate by gradual build of new adaptions |
