| A | B |
|---|
| medulla oblongata | part of brainstem that influences heartbeat |
| hypothalamus | controls homeostasis, secretes ADH |
| cerebellum | controls balance, coordination, posture |
| dopamine | Neurotransmitter given off by basal ganglion |
| Dopamine action | motor function, and facial muscle function |
| Parkins Disease | Caused by decrease in dopamine due to basal ganglion changes |
| brainstem | medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain |
| diencephalon | hypothalamus and thalamus |
| cerebellum | under occipital lobe of cerebrum controls coordination |
| cerebrum | largest part of brain |
| corpus callosum | connects right and left cerebral hemispheres |
| cerebral cortex | outer layer of cerebrum, consists of gray matter |
| gyri | ridges of cerebral cortex |
| sulci | grooves of cerebral cortex |
| fissures | deep sulci or grooves |
| longitudinal fissure | divides right and left hemispheres |
| basal ganglia | regions of gray matter in the inner part of cerebrum. a deficiency causes Parkinsons |
| cerebral frontal lobe | control of conscious thought, muscles, motor speech |
| cerebral temporal lobe | controls hearing |
| cerbral parietal lobe | controls body sense perception, sensory speech |
| cerebral occipital lobe | controls vision |
| cerebral vascular accident (stroke) | hemorrhage (bleeding) from or blockage of blood vessel in brain |
| cerebral palsy | damage to motor control areas of cerebrum due to lack of oxygen during birth |
| dementia | progressive loss of memory, attention span, personality, intellect |
| Alzheimer's disease | causes dementia/possibly caused by old age, genetic predisposition |
| Huntington disease | genetic disease that causes dementia |
| EEG (electroencephalogram) | measurement of electric voltage in brain used to evaluate brain activity |
| MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) | uses magnets to produce images of brain |
| CAT scan | uses x-rays to image the brain |
| epilepsy | recurring seizures caused by electrical disturbance in brain |
| white matter | mylinated neve cells |
| ascending tracts | sensory tracts of the spinal cord |
| descending tracts | motor tracts of the spinal cord |
| brainstem | medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain |
| paralysis | loss of voluntary movement |
| meninges | tough, fluid-filled membrane covering CNS |
| dura mater | outside layer of meninges |
| arachnoid mater | middle layer of meninges |
| pia mater | inner layer of meninges |
| Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) | fills arachnoid mater and ventricles |
| ventricles | spaces in brain, filled with CSF |
| number of ventricles in brain | four |
| choroid plexus | network of capillaries in ventricles, which produce CSF |
| hydrocephalus | build-up of CSF in brain |
