| A | B |
|---|
| What is a caldera? | Large hole at the top of a volcano formed when a volcanic mountain collapses inward |
| What is a Hot Spring? | A pool formed by groundwater that has risen to the surface after being heated by magma |
| What is lava? | Liquid magma that reaches the surface; forms solid rock when it cools. |
| What is a Hot Spot? | An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it. The HAWAIIAN ISLANDS formed one by one over millions of years as the Pacific Plate drifted over a hot spot |
| Name and explain the 3 "lifestages" of a volcano | Active - live; Dormant - sleeping; Extinct - dead |
| Why is a volcano considered a constructive force? | It builds up mountains and landmasses on Earth's surface. |
| What happens when a volcano erupts? | 1. Liquid magma rises through cracks in the crust. 2. As magma rises, pressure decreases, and gas forms bubbles. 3. An opening develops in a weak rock on the surface. 4. Gases and magma erupt out of the volcano. 5. Lava hardens into solid rock. |
| What is geothermal energy? | Energy from water or steam that has been heated by magma. Water - heat homes, warmth; Steam - source of electricity; Natural Spas - relaxation |
| What is the Ring of Fire? | A major belt of volcanoes that rims the PACIFIC OCEAN |
| What factors affect the thickness/thinness of magma? | Magma's TEMPERATURE, Amount of SILICA in mamgma, and amount of GAS in magma |
| What is aa? | Type of cooler, slower-moving lava produced during quiet eruptions. |
| What is pahoehoe? | Fast moving HOT lava |
| 5 Types of Landforms created from lava and ash | Shield volcano, Composite volcano, Cinder cone volcano, lava plateus, calderas |
| Five Types of Landforms Created by Magma | Volcanic Necks, Dikes, Sills, Batholiths, Dome Mountains |
| I am caused by QUIET eruptions and I have a gentle-sloping mountain. What am I? | Shield Volcano |
| I am caused by explosive eruptions and I have a cone shape. What am I? | Cinder Cone Volcano |
| I have layers of lava ALTERNATING with layers of ash, cinders, and bombs caused by explosive eruptions. What am I? | Composite Volcano |
| What is the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench? | *****Subduction***** |
| What is pyroclastic flow? | Ash, cinders, bombs, and gas are being hurled out of the volcano; happens during an explosive eruption |
| Where is the largest volcano in the solar system? What is it called? | The largest volcano in the solar system is OLYMPUS MONS. It is found on Mars and is a shield volcano. |
| What is an Island Arc? | String of Islands formed by volcanoes along a DEEP-OCEAN TRENCH. (SUBDUCTION!!!!) |
