| A | B |
|---|
| MINERAL | Occur naturally; Inorganic Solid that has a Crystal structure and a definite Chemical Composition. (NISCCC) |
| INORGANIC | Not formed from living things or the remains of living things. (Does not contain fossils) |
| CRYSTAL | A solid in which the atoms are arranged in repeated patterns. |
| ELEMENT | A substance composed of a SINGLE type of atom. |
| COMPOUND | A substance in which 2 or more elements are chemically joined. |
| MOHS HARDNESS SCALE | Scale that ranks 10 minerals from softest to hardest. |
| SEDIMENT | Small bits of materials that come from rocks or organisms. |
| DEPOSITION | Process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it. (Think of sand settling (depositing) to the bottom of a pool or when the wind stops blowing the sand settles (deposits) to the ground. |
| COMPACTION | Process by which sediments are PRESSED together under their own weight. |
| CEMENTATION | Process by which dissolved minerrals crystallize and glue particles of sediment into one mass. |
| ORGANIC ROCK | Sedimentary rock formed from the layered remains of organisms (living things). Contains fossils. |
| CHEMICAL ROCK | Sedimentary rock formed when minerals crystallize from a solution. |
| CLASTIC ROCK | Sedimentary rock formed when rock fragments are SQUEEZED together under high pressure. |
| EROSION | Destructive process in which wind or water loosen and carry away fragments (pieces) of rock. |
| IGNEOUS ROCK | Rock formed from the COOLING of molten rock. (Igneous rock can be either extrusive or intrusive depending where it cooled) |
| EXTRUSIVE ROCK | Igneous rock that forms from LAVA on Earth's surface. |
| INTRUSIVE ROCK | Igneous rock formed when MAGMA hardens beneath Earth's surface. |
| METAMORPHIC ROCK | Rock formed from an existing rock that is CHANGED from heat, pressure, or chemical reaction. (MORPH means CHANGE) |
| SEDIMENTARY ROCK | Rock formed when particles of rock and organic material are pressed and cemented together. |
| ROCK CYCLE | Series of processes above and below Earth's surface that change rock from one form to another. |
