| A | B |
|---|
| Philip IV | King of France who idnaps Boniface and names Clement V pope |
| Pope Boniface VIII | issued bulls that the king cannot tax clergy and spiritual always rules over secular, dies after being kidnapped by Philip IV |
| Henry V | English king invades france in hundred years war and wins |
| Henry Tudor (Henry VII) | establishes parliament starting Tudo Dynasty |
| Isabella and Ferdinand | marry and unite spain becoming absolute rulers |
| Petrarch | father of humanism |
| Dante Alighieri | Italian who writes Divine Comedy |
| Geoffrey Chaucer | English who writes the Cantebury tales |
| Fracois Rabelais | Frech who writed gargantua |
| Machiavelli | writes "the prince" |
| Masaccio | painted frescos: Tribute Money |
| Giotto | painted frescos: Avena Chapel |
| Donatello | sculpturer |
| Brunelleschi | architect |
| Leonardo da Vinci | painted Mona Lisa |
| Michaelangelo | sistine chapel |
| Rapheal | portrait |
| Erasmus | scholar, writer, "handbook of christian knights", "The praise of Folly", |
| Martin Luther | writes 95 thesis |
| Charles V | over HRE tries to control all lutheran german princes but fails |
| Urich Zwingli | begins Zwinglianism in Switzerland |
| John Calvin | begins calvinism in switzerland |
| Henry VIII | starts his own chruch because the pope will not allow him to get divorced |
| Pope Paul III | appionted a reform commission, approved Jesuits, called Coucil of Trent |
| The Little Ice Age | disastrous weather, long winters, short growing season, famine and hunger |
| the Black death | 1347-1665 period of plague |
| bubonic plague | most commonplague, carried by fleas on rats from ME |
| flagellants | believed god sent plague b/c of their sins and publically beat themselves |
| heretic | preaches wrong teachings of church |
| new monarch | king has more power through prof. armies, administrators,and taxing |
| renaissance | "rebirth" |
| secularism | of the world, earthly |
| humanism | movement based on study of the classics |
| liberal arts | grammar, poetry, ethics, math, music, ect. |
| Vernacular | common language |
| Fresco | tequnique of painting on wet plaster |
| indulgances | pardon for sins |
| Christian Humanism | advocated education, supported schools, helped create, new editions of the bible |
| Hugueonots | calvinists in France |
| Zwingianism | religion in Switzerland that does not believe in Jesus's presence in communion |
| Calvinism | religion in Switz. that says people are all sinful by nature, predestination, theocracy |
| Presbyterianism | Scottish religion that adopts ideas of Calivinism |
| Angelicanism | church of england created by Henry VIII |
| Council of Constance | 1417 named one pope, but the pope lost political and moral prestige |
| Hundred Years War | dispute b/w England and France over French land |
| Jesuits | society of Jesus founded by Ignatius of Loyola |
| Protestant Reformation | split w/ in church overwhat they must do to be saved |
| 95 Thesis | written by Luther |
| Diet of Worms | Emperor Charles V called to have Luther deny his beliefs |
| Edict of Worms | proclaimed that Luther was a heretic, ordered burning of his writings, supposed to be denied shelter |
| Peac of Ausburg | 1555 agreement to end conflict b/w catholics and lutherans, formally accepts split of church |
| Council of Trent | 1545-reaffirmed the teaching that salvation comes from faith and good works, 7 sacraments, upheld celebacy, purgatory, indulgences not bought |
