| A | B |
|---|
| nationalism | pride in one's land or country; common culture, values, nation's needs before own, independence |
| reason for communism | belief that rich got richer and poor got poorer from industrial revolution |
| beliefs of communism | all people own all land; goods and services shared equally |
| proletariat | working class people |
| bourgeoisie | middle class |
| agricultural revolution | better machines and increased food production, workers moved to cities for jobs |
| steam engine | power source of IR; cheap, convenient source of power, less people needed to operated machines |
| factory system | goods manufactured in cities, faster, larger quantities, more efficiently |
| urbanization | moving from farms and suburbs to cities |
| laissez-faire | idea that government should not interfere or regulate businesses and industry, "hands off" |
| market economy | economy where most of production, distribution and exchange controlled by private individuals |
| conservative | belief that governments should focus on stability, economy controlled by government, established church, monarchy |
| liberal | belief that people should vote, government protects rights, separation of power, religious freedom |
| utilitarian | theory by Bentham that government actions useful only if they promote greatest good for greatest number of people |
| James Watt | he improved the steam engine |
| John Kay | he invented flying shuttle |
| labor unions | organizations for rights of workers, collective bargaining, better working conditions |
| hardships of living conditions | small cramped apartments, no running water or sewer, many to rooms |
| hardships for children | they worked at young ages, little money, hurt working or diseases |
| hardships for women | they left their children to work and made less money |
| hardships of working conditions | poor lighting, damp, dusty, diseases, long hours |
| importance of railroads | faster, carried large loads, new jobs, goods and resources transported |
| social darwinism | belief in survival of the fittest |
| women's suffrage | the right to vote |
| mercantilism | economic policy where nations got wealtier by obtaining much gold and silver; selling more goods |
| Jeremy Bentham | he believed government should promote greatest good for greatest number of people |
| Karl Marx | wrote The Communist Manifesto |
| Thomas Malthus | he believed that people would overpopulate the world, war/famine reduces population |
| Marx's working classes | proletariat |
| Marx's middle class | bourgeoisie |
| benefit of coal | provided fuel to produce iron and power steam engines |
| Marx's belief of history | a record of struggles between classes in society |
| Enclosure Act | fenced in farmland, more efficient, changed agriculture |
| Simon Bolivar | Latin American leader for independence in Venezuela, Bolivia, etc. |
| San Martin | Latin American leader for independence in Chile |
| Toussaint L'Ouveture | Latin American leader for independence in Haiti |
| British Industrialization began in 1700's | many workers, abundant resources, investment capital $$, geographic features |
| The Communist Manifesto | condemns capitalism |
| Adam Smith | believed in laissez-faire policy |
| The Wealth of Nations | Adam Smith's book on capitalism |
| Sadler Report | told about the poor working conditions of children in factories |
| Result of rapid industrialization | increased gap between rich and poor |
| Irish migrated to other countries | result of potato blight/famine in Ireland |
| labor unions formed | result of bad working conditions to fix things |
| Decides what goods and services are produced | consumers and producers of goods |
| A result of Industrial Revolution | growth of middle class |
| Otto von Bismarck | German unification, blood and iron policy |
