| A | B |
|---|
| nervous system | used by the body to control mental and physical activity and homeostasis |
| axon | a single neuron extension that takes the action potential away from the cell body |
| central nervous system | includes the brain and spinal cord |
| peripheral nervous system | all motory and sensory neurons outside the brain and spinal cord |
| cerebrum | largest outer portion of the brain |
| cerebral hemispheres | two halves of the cerebrum |
| corpus collosum | connects the two cerebral hemispheres |
| gray matter | where neurons are nonmyelinated and make connections or synapsis |
| brain stem | most primitive portion of brain |
| limbic system | plays important roles in emotions, memory, and motivation |
| cerebellum | controls coordination, proprioception, and muscle timing & recruitment |
| spinal cord | contains neurons running from the medulla oblongata down the vertebral column |
| sensory receptor | neuron specialized to detect a stimulus |
| motor neuron | carries information to muscles and glands |
| reflexes | a protective circuits with a sensory neuron hooked to an interneuron and to a motor neuron directly |
| interneurons | neurons found completely within the brain and spinal cord |
| autonomic nervous system | in charge of involuntary actions |
| sympathetic nervous system | autonomic internal controls activated by physical or emotional stress |
| parasympathetic nervous system | autonomic control of internal environment under routine condition |
| dendrites | neuron extensions moving away from the cell body |
| myelin sheath | fatty Schwann cells insulating some axons or dendrites |
| Schwann cells | whitish and fatty cells making up the myelin sheath |
| nodes of Ranvier | gaps between Schwann cells that allow action potentials to speed |
| synapse | gaps between axon and the cells they communicate with |
| neurotransmitters | chemicals that diffuse across synaptic clefts to carry the action potential to the next cell |
