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Rocks and Minerals Overview

Overview of the terms needed in the study of rocks and minerals in Grade 3


AB
alloyA mixture of metal minerals
atomTiny particle that makes up everything in the world
cementA fine gray powder used to make concrete
conductto allow to pass through; to carry
corecenter of the Earth
crustthi layer of rock on the top of the Earth
crystalsolid with atoms that grow in a rectangular, repeated pattern
depositeddropped or left behind
elementnonliving material made up of one type of atom
erosionmovement of rock pieces by wind, water, or ice
evaporateto change from a liquid to a gas
fossil fuelenergy source, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, formed from the remains of dead plants and animals
geologystudy of Earth and its features
igneousrocks formed when hot liquid rock from within the Earth is cooled as it approaches or reaches the surface
lavaliquid rock above the Earth's surface
magmaliquid rock within the Earth
mantlelayer of Earth between the crust and the core
metamorphicrock formed when igneous or sedimentary rocks change properties due to heat and/or pressure
minedremoved from the ground
mineralnonliving substance made up of one or more elements
oremineral in which metal is found
organismliving thing
platelarge piece of the Earth's crust
rockcombination of two or more minerals
sedimentsmall pieces of rock, minerals, and soil carried by a body of water
sedimentaryrock formed when layers of sediment are pressed together
springsource of water coming from the ground
weatheringprocess of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces