| A | B |
|---|
| Matter | anything that takes up space and has mass. The material that all objects and substances are made of. All matter is made of atoms in motion. |
| Elements | Substances that are the building blocks of all matter. 112 known elements in the universe. Ex: oxygen, helium |
| Atoms | Substances that are the building blocks of all elements. Smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still have the properties of that element. |
| Molecule | A combination of more than one element. Ex. H20 -- 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. |
| Physical change | Something's form or appearance changes, but not its composition (what it is made of) Example: Torn paper |
| Chemical change | Substance changes into a different substance. example: Log burns to ash, steel rusts. |
| Solid | State of Matter (SOM) Definite shape and definite volume. Atoms move the slowest in this state of matter. |
| Liquid | SOM. Definite volume, variable shape (ex. syrup, milk) |
| Gas | SOM. No definite shape or volume. (ex. helium, nitrogen) |
| Plasma | SOM. Particles move faster than any other state of matter (ex. Lightening) |
| Heat loss | Substance loses heat and results in a change of STATE. (ex. liquid to solid) |
| Heat gain | When a substance gains heat/energy. Results in a change of STATE (ex. liquid to gas) |
| Melting | Solid to liquid. Heat gained. |
| Freezing | Liquid to Solid. Heat lost. |
| Boiling | Liquid to gas. Heat gained. |
| Vaporization | Liquid to gas. Heat gained. |
| Evaporation | Liquid to Gas. Heat gained |
| Condensation | Gas to liquid. Heat lost. |
| Sublimation | Solid to Gas. Heat gained. |
| Deposition | Gas to Solid. Heat lost. |
| Temperature | measurement of the AVERAGE motion of atoms in matter. We use the metric temperature scale of Celcius. |
| Kinetic energy | Energy of motion. Ex. Bicycle moving, person running |
| Potential energy | Stored energy. Ex. Pendulum at the top of its swing. |
| Absolute zero | Temperature at which there is no molecular/atomic movement. This temperature has ever been reached. |
| Law of conservation of energy | Says...Energy CANNOT be created or destroyed --it can only be changed. |
| PLATEAU on a states of matter graph | Where the substance is changing state. |
| 4 States of Matter | Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma |
| Solubility | the maximum amount of solute (koolaid mix) that will dissolve in an amount of solvent (water) |
| Soluable | ability to be dissolved |
| Physical properties | ex. Color, shape, texture, solubility, density, hardness, magnetic, smell, volume |
