| A | B |
| black death | Bubonic Plaque |
| Absolute Monarchy | ruler has complete power |
| Acropolis | Highest point in a Greek City |
| Apprentice | trainee |
| artifact | man made object from ancient past |
| Artisan | skilled worker |
| Barter | using objects as money |
| Bazaar | marketplace |
| Cardinal | High ranking official in the Church |
| Charter | document granting rights |
| city state | independent cities, self governing |
| clergy | ordained officials in the church |
| common law | system of law based on earlier court decisions and customs |
| Common Wealth | the republican government established by England |
| czar | Russian Emporers |
| duchy | land ruled by a duke or duchess |
| excommunicate | to expel a person from the Church |
| feudalism | a political system in which a king granted the use of land to nobles |
| Friar | a monk who lives among the people |
| grand jury | a group of citizens authorized to determine whether evidence justifies charging a person w/ a crime |