| A | B |
|---|
| bi- | twice, double, two |
| -cele | hernia, tumor, swelling |
| -desis | surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind, tie together |
| fasci/o | fascia, fibrous band |
| -ia | abnormal condition, disease, plural of -ium |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| kinesi/o | movement |
| -lysis | breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening |
| my/o | muscle |
| -plegia | paralysis, stroke |
| -rrhexis | rupture |
| tax/o | coordination, order |
| ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o | tendon, stretch out, extend, strain |
| ton/o | tension, tone, stretching |
| tri- | three |
| abduction | movement away from the midline |
| Achilles' tendon | a tendon attaching the gastrocnemius muscle of the leg to the heel |
| adduction | the drawing together toward the midline |
| anchor | the origin, or end, of a muscle; the attachment of a skeletal muscle |
| aponeurosis | extension of connective tissue beyond a muscle in round or flattened tendons |
| atrophy | wasting away of a muscle |
| biceps | the muscle of the upper arm that flexes the forearm |
| contracture | permanent shortening or contraction of a muscle |
| cramp | a spasmodic, painful contraction of a muscle or muscles |
| deltoid | the muscle of the shoulder |
| dystrophy | progressive atrophy or weakening of a part, such as the muscles |
| extensor | the muscle of a muscle team that extends a part, allowing the joint to straighten |
| fascia | a fibrous membrane covering, supporting and separating muscles |
| flexor | the muscle of a muscle team that bends a part |
| gastrocnemius | the large muscle in the calf of the leg |
| gluteus maximus | the large muscle of the buttocks |
| hamstring | a group of muscles of the posterior thigh |
| hiccough | (also hiccup) a result of the spasmodic closing of the epiglottis and spasm of the diaphragm |
| insertion | the beginning of a muscle; the place where a muscle is attached to the bone that it moves |
| intercostal | between the ribs |
| latissimus dorsi | the large muscle of the back |
| muscle team | a pair of skeletal muscles; one that flexes and one that extends the joint |
| muscle tone | a state of muscle contraction in which a portion of the fibers are contracted while others are at rest |
| musculoskeletal | pertaining to the muscular and skeletal systems |
| origin | the end of a muscle; the anchor |
| pectoralis major | the principal muscle of the chest wall |
| peristalsis | a progressive, wavelike muscular movement that occurs involuntarily in the urinary and digestive systems |
| quadriceps femoris | a large muscle on the anterior surface of the thigh which is composed of four separate muscles |
| sartorius | a long narrow muscle of the thigh; the longest muscle of the body |
| sheath | the covering structure of connective tissue, such as the membrane covering of a muscle |
| spasm | an involuntary sudden movement or convulsive muscular contraction |
| sphincter | a circular muscle constricting an opening |
| sternocleidomastoid | a muscle of the chest arising from the sternum and inner part of the clavicle |
| strain | injury to muscles from tension caused by overuse or misuse |
| tendon | fibrous connective tissue serving to attach muscles to bones |
| tendonitis | inflammation of the tendon |
| tibialis anterior | a muscle of the leg |
| torticollis | stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of neck muscles drawing the head to one side with the chin pointing to the other; can be congenital or acquired |
| trapezius | the large muscle of the back and neck |
| triceps | the posterior muscles of the arm that work as a team with the biceps; the triceps straighten the elbow |
