| A | B |
|---|
| This occurs when the heart can no longer produce sufficient cardiac output at normal filling pressures to meet metabolic demands... | Heart failure |
| Heart failure usually occurs when the left ventricular ejection fraction falls below... | 40% |
| Peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, increased JVD and increased CVP are signs of... | right-sided heart failure |
| Hemoptysis, progressive dyspnea, crackles on auscultation,a nd increased pulmonary artery pressures are signs of... | left-sided heart failure |
| Treatment of heart failure includes these categories of medications... | vasodilators, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, positive inotropes, and dopamine |
| This medication, given in the treatment of myocardial infarction, will decrease pain as well as preload and myocardial oxygen demand... | Morphine |
| This medication, considered in the treatment of myocardial infarction should be help for patients with SBP <90 or those who are taking Viagra or Levitra within 24 hours... | Nitroglycerin |
| This medication is considered in the treatment of myocardial infarction and can be given in patients who are on a daily dose and have already taken that dose for the day... | ASA |
| After giving a thrombolytic monitoring venipuncture and ABG puncture sites, GCS, abdominal girth and bruising in the flanks will monitor for this... | bleeding |
| After thrombolytic therapy, you will note resolution of chest pain, nromalizing ST segment changes and arrhythmias. These are signs of... | reperfusion |
| Discuss the differences in treatment for a right-sided ventricular infarct vs. a left-sided infarct. For the right-sided infarct... | Give fluid loading, inotropic support and AVOID vasodilators like morphine, nitroglycerin, and diuretics |
| This is caused by ischemia secondary to a spasm in the coronary artery... | Variant angina (Prinzmetal's angina) |
| Describe the difference in pain of variant angina vs. typical angina... | more severe, cyclical, and occurs between midnight and 0800 |
| This is a trademark of ST elevation caused by spasm (variant angina)... | resolves with resolution of pain |
| Treatment for variant angina includes... | nitroglycerin or calcium channel blockers |
| Pain characteristic of infective endocarditis... | pleuritic chest pain, abdominal or back pain |
| In infective endocarditis the patient may show signs of embolization which are... | stroke signs, hemoptysis, splinter hemorrhages, petechiae of the conjunctiva, palate, neck, upper trunk or extremities, Osler's nodes, and Janeway lesions |
| These are tender, subcutaneous nodules, often in the pulp of the digits, that are a sign of infective endocarditis... | Osler's nodes |
| These are non-tender erythematous, hemorrhagic, or pustular lesions often on the palms or soles, that are a sign of infective endocarditis... | Janeway lesions |
| Infective endocarditis symptoms can be signs of this, like fever, anorexia, weight loss, night sweats, myalgia, fatigue, and malaise... | infection |
| Treatment for infective endocarditis... | Long-term antibiotics |
| This heart infection could be caused by MI (2-3 days after MI), connective tissue disorders, renal failure, mediastinal injury, neoplasms or radiation, or infectious processes... | Pericarditis |
| This is the characteristic pain or pericarditis... | Exacerbated by deep inspoiration, coughing, swallowing, supine position, but relieved by leaning forward or sitting up |
| These two symptoms often accompany pericarditis... | Tachycardia and tachypnea |
| This may be auscultated with pericarditis... | Friction rub |
| EKG changes in pericarditis may include ST segment elevation with upright T waves in all leads except... | VR and V1 |
| Treatment for pericarditis... | anti-inflammatory agents, antipyretics, antibiotics and colchicine (for cases related to gout) |
| Becks triad, Kussmaul's sign, and obstructive shock are clinical manifestations of this disorder... | Pericardial tamponade |
| Beck's triad consists of... | muffled heart tones, hypotension, JVD |
| Classic signs of obstructive shock which may accompany pericardial tamponade, are... | narrowing pulse pressure, cool/moist skin, decreased urinary output |
| Treatment for pericardial tamponade... | pericardiocentesis |
| List the possible EKG changes with blunt cardiac injury... | tachycardia, PAC, PVC atrial fib, SA or AV block, VF or VT, ST and T wave abnormalities |
| This part of the heart is most often affected in blunt cardiac injuries... | Right ventricle |
| Treatment for blunt cardiac injury consists of this concerning IV fluids (and why)... | Fluid restriction to prevent heart failure |
