Atomic Theory Objectives
Student should know:
3.1
-Philosopher Democritus gave atoms their name. In greek atom means indivisible.
-Dalton was among the first to strongly state that atoms did exist.
-Dalton's work lead to 3 significant laws governing atoms: Conservation of matter (amount of matter stays constant before and after chemical and physical reactions), Law of multiple proportions (when two atoms form compounds multiple ways, the resulting compounds always have whole number ratios of those elements) and the law of definite proportions (different size samples of a given compound will always have the same proportions of each element making up that compound.
3.2
-JJ Thomson discovered the electron using cathode rays. He called this model the plum pudding model.
-Ernest Rutherford discovered the nucleus of the atom using a gold foil and alpha particle experiment. He also discovered that most of the atom was empty space.
-James Chadwick discovered the neutron using an experiment similar to Rutherfords.
-Eugen Goldstien discovered the proton using cathode rays.
3.3
-know what atomic number, atomic mass, and mass number are
-recognize when an element is written in isotope notation and what that notation means
-know how to determine from an element or isotope & a periodic table
the atomic #, mass #, # protons, # neutrons, # electrons, average atomic mass
-Be able to convert grams to moles and vice versa
-Be able to convert moles to number of atoms and vice versa
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