CHAD-ATE and ESCAPA adverbial expressions
For this quiz you will have only TWO attempts (NOT an unlimited number, as with some other on-line quizzes this year). Read these directions: We have studied two groups of adverbial expressions (some of them are also considered "conjunctions of time"). The ESCAPA expressions (en caso de que, sin que, con tal de que, antes de que, para que, a menos que) ALWAYS trigger the use of the subjunctive in the verb that directly follows. The CHAD-ATE expressions (cuando, hasta que, aunque, después de que, así que [rarely used in this manner], tan pronto como, and en cuanto) can trigger the indicative OR the subjunctive in the following verb, depending on the sentence. As you will recall, there are three scenarios for CHAD-ATE expressions: 1. If the following verb refers to an action/circumstance that has not (or HAD not) yet happened in the time frame of the sentence, put it in the SUBJUNCTIVE (present or imperfect, according to the time frame of the sentence). 2. If the following verb refers to an action/circumstance that habitually happens (or used to happen), put it in the INDICATIVE (present or imperfect, according to the time frame of the sentence). 3. If the following verb refers to events that ALREADY HAPPENED in the time frame of the sentence, put it in the INDICATIVE (preterite or imperfect, as appropriate). For each of the exercises, ask yourself: Did this action take place yet? Here are some examples: When my father arrives this evening (HE HASN'T YET -- SO USE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE [llegue]), he will/is going to give me candy. One day my father told me that he would give me candy when he arrived that evening (BUT HE HAD NOT ARRIVED YET WHEN HE TOLD ME THIS -- SO USE IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE [llegara]). Every day, when my father arrives (AND HE DOES HABITUALLY -- SO USE PRESENT INDICATIVE [llega]), he gives me candy. Last night, when my father arrived (AND HE DID -- SO USE PRETERITE INDICATIVE [llegó]), he gave me candy.
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