Appositive Phrase Review 2016 (This is not a quiz.)
Possibly helpful grammar references for this pretest.
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A verb phrase consists of the main verb and up to three helping verbs, which always come before the main verb.
"Jacob COULD HAVE BEEN EATING ice cream, but, no, someone left the freezer door open all night long. He WAS WIPING up the liquid with a sponge, instead. His brother MIGHT HAVE NOTICED that the door WAS open." (WAS is a verb, but since it's on its own, it's not a phrase.)
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A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and an object (a noun or pronoun) and any modifiers. There are no subjects or verbs in prepositional phrases, and they can be omitted from a sentence without making it a fragment. They provide extra information, usually answering how, when, where, or what kind type questions.
"His mother was definitely annoyed WITH HIS BROTHER." (Prep = with, brother = object of prep., his = adjective; part of speech = adverb; question answered = how)
"DURING THE LENGTHY CLEANUP, his mother wondered what else was spoiled." (prep = during, cleanup = object of prep., lengthy = adjective, question answered = when)
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Infinitive phrases begin with infinitives and include any objects or modifiers or prepositional phrases. "He had hoped TO INVITE A NEIGHBORHOOD FRIEND OVER FOR DESSERT." (to invite = infinitive, a friend = object, for dessert = prep. phrase)
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