Dependent Clauses, Independent, Phrases--Terms

All clauses have a subject and verb.Phrases will not have both a subject and a verb. DEPENDENT CLAUSES are also called SUBORDINATE CLAUSES. They cannot stand alone. They have a subject and a verb but must be joined to a complete sentence. When a dependent clause is joined to a complete sentence, that sentence is called a complex sentence. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE simply means a sentence. PHRASES consist of prepositional phrases and appositive phrases. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES (remember "anywhere a mouse can go") start with words like in, around, over, across,etc) and end ina noun or pronoun--The cow jumped OVER THE MOON. APPOSITIVE PHRASES rename and are enclosed in commas--Judy, his best friend, came home.