| A | B |
|---|
| matter | any substance that has mass and occupies space |
| mixture | two or more substances that are combined in nonfixed proportions and can be separated by physical means |
| heterogeneous | mixture in which you can see the different substances that make it up |
| homogeneous | mixture that looks uniform throughout, cannot see individual parts that make it up; solution |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture such as salt water |
| solute | what is being dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | what is doing the dissolving in a solution; water |
| alloy | solution of two or more solids |
| colloid | heterogeneous mixture in which particles stay suspened and scatter light |
| suspension | heterogeneous mixture in which particles do not stay suspended such as orange juice |
| Tyndall Effect | when a mixture scatters light as in a colloid |
| dissolving | passing of a solute into a solution |
| concentrated | solution contains a lot of solute |
| dilute | solution contains less solute |
| electrolytes | conduct electricity in solution |
| conductivity | ability to transmit heat or electric current |
| non-electrolytes | do not conduct electricity in solution |
| solubility | ability of a substance to dissolve |
| temperature | measurement of the average kinetic energy in a system |
| solubility curve | graph of a solute usually dissolved in 100 grams of water |
| saturated | when a solution contains the maximum amount of solute dissolved in the solution |
| unsaturated | when a solution contains less than the amount it can hold in soluion |
| supersaturated | when a solution contains more solute than can dissolve in the soluion at a certain temperature |
| effervesce | bubbles produced in reaction - gas bubble |
| acid | produces hydronium ion in solution, pH less than 7 |
| base | produces hydroxide ion in solution, pH more than 7 |
| neutralization | reaction when acid and base is combined producing water, salt and usually a gas |
| pH scale | logorithmic scale of concentraion of acids and bases |
| neutral | pH of 7 such as pure water |
| indicator | used to determine pH of materials indicated by color change |
| kinetic theory of matter | all particles of matter are composed of molecules in constant motion; faster moving then more kinetic energy |
| gas | no definite shape or volume, spreads out and fills its container |
| liquid | no definite shape, definite volume, takes shape of its containiner |
| solid | definite shape, definite volume |
| condensation | phase change going from gas to liquid |
| evaporation | phase change going from liquid to gas |
| boiling point | temperature at which phase change from liquid to gas occurs |
| melting point | temperature at which phase change from solid to liquid occurs |
| freezing point | temperature at which phase change occurs from liquid to solid |
| plasma | phase of matter, gases, high energy, charged ions, as around the sun |
| pressure | force per unit area on a surfce as in kPa, atm, or mmHg |
| diffusion | spreading of gas molecules |
| phase | another word for state - solid, liquid, gas, plasma |
