| A | B |
|---|
| sheikh | the ruler of an Arab tribe |
| Quran | the holy scriptures of Islam |
| Islam | the religion founded by Muhammad |
| Hijrah | the journey of Muhammad and his followers to madinah |
| hajj | a pilgrimmage to Makkah, one of the Five Pillars of Islam |
| shari'ah | a set of laws followed by Muslims |
| caliph | a successor to MUhammad, or ruler of Islam |
| jihad | the Arabic custom of raiding one's enemies |
| Shiite | Muslims who accep only the descendants of Ali as the true caliphs |
| Sunni | Muslims who accept only the descendents of the Umayyads as the true caliphs |
| vizier | a prime minister who advised the caliph |
| sultan | the title of the Turkish leader who took command of the Arab Empire |
| mosque | a Muslim temple or house of worship |
| bazaar | a covered market |
| dowry | in Islamic society, a gift of money or property given to a bride by her husband |
| astrolabe | an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of stars and planets |
| minaret | a tower on a mosque |
| muezzin | a crier, who calls the faithful to prayer |
| arabesque | geometric patterns that decorated Islamic works of art |
